Term 1

cell

Definition 1

consists of an organized chemical system, including many specialized molecules surrounded by a membrane. It is the lowest level of biological organization that can survive and reproduce as long as it has access to a usable energy source, the necessary raw materials, and appropriate environmental conditions

Term 2

emergent properties

Definition 2

characteristics that depend on the level of organization of matter, but do not exist at lower levels of organization. Ex- life

Term 3

unicellular organisms

Definition 3

single cell organisms such as bacteria and protozoans
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Term 4

multicellular organisms

Definition 4

many plants and animals, their cells live in tightly coordinated groups and are so interdependent that they cant survive on their own

Term 5

population

Definition 5

group of unicellular or multicellular organisms of the same kind that live together in the same place. Have emergent properties that don't exist at lower levels of organization

Term 6

community

Definition 6

all populations of different organisms that live in the same place.
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Term 7

ecosystem

Definition 7

group of communites interacting with their shared physical environment.

Term 8

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

Definition 8

the most fundamental and important molecule that distinguishes living systems from nonliving matter. Large, double stranded helical molecule that contains instructions for assembling a libing organism from simpler molecules

Term 9

biosphere

Definition 9

all regions of earths crust, waters, and atmosphere that sustain life.
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Term 10

Differeneces in DNa ....

Definition 10

molecular building blocks are arranged differently in each of these organisms, producing difference in their appearence and function

Term 11

RNA (rhibonucleic acid)

Definition 11

information in DNA is copies into molecules of RNA, which direct the production of different protein molecules

Term 12

proteins

Definition 12

proteins carry our most of the activities of life, including the sunthesis of all other biological molecules
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Term 13

metabolism

Definition 13

descries the ability of a cell or organism to extract energy from its surroundings and use that energy to maintain itself, grow, and reproduce

Term 14

photosynthesis

Definition 14

process in which electromagnetic energy in sunlight is absorbed and converted into chemical energy. uses sunlight to build sugar molecules form carbon dioxide and water, releasing oxygen as a by product of the reaction

Term 15

cellular respiration

Definition 15

uses oxygen to break down sugar molecules, releheasing their chemical energy and making it available for other metabolic processes.
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Term 16

photosynthetic organisms

Definition 16

are the primary producers of the food on which all other organisms rely

Term 17

Definition 17

Term 18

consumers

Definition 18

animals that directly or indirectly feed on complex molecules manufactured by plants
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Term 19

decomposers

Definition 19

feed on the remains of dead organisms, breaking down complex biological molecules into simpler raw materials, which may then be recycled by the producers. Ex-bacteria and fungi

Term 20

Heat

Definition 20

some energy that photosynthetic organisms trap from sunlight flows within and between populations, communities, and ecosystems. Biological processes arent 100% efficient, so some energy is lost as heat

Term 21

Carbon and nitrogen ___ in an ecosystem

Definition 21

cycle between living organisms and nonlibing components of the biosphere, to be used again and again
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Term 22

receptors

Definition 22

molecules or larger structures located on individual cells and body surfaces that are able to detect changes in external and internal conditions. When stimulated, they trigger reactions that produce a compensating response

Term 23

homeostasis

Definition 23

a steady internal condition maintained by responses that compensate for changes in the external environment. all organisms have mechanisms to maintain homeostasis in relation to temperature, blood chemistry, etc

Term 24

reproduction

Definition 24

the process in whcih parents produce offspring
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Term 25

inheritance

Definition 25

transmission of DNA from on generation to the next

Term 26

development

Definition 26

a series of programed changes encoded in DNA through which a fertilized egg divides into many cells that ultimately are transformed into an adult, which is itself capable of reproduction

Term 27

life cycle

Definition 27

the sequential stages through which individuals develop, grow, maintain themselves, and reproduce
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Term 28

biological evolution

Definition 28

populations of all organisms change from one generation to the next bc some individuals experience changes in their DNA and they pass those modified instructions along to their offspring

Term 29

what are the 3 things known about the evolutionary process

Definition 29

1-all populations change through time
2-all organisms are related through a shared ancestry
3-evolution has produced the spectacular diversity we have now

Term 30

artificial selection

Definition 30

the and selection of traits wanted in a species
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Term 31

natural selection

Definition 31

natural process of the passage of traits

Term 32

species

Definition 32

a group of populations in which the individuals are so closely related in structure, biochemsitry, and behavior that they can interbreed

Term 33

genus

Definition 33

group of similar species that share common ancestry
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Term 34

prokaryotes

Definition 34

exhibit a relatively simple organization of DNA and cell structures, no nucleus, bacteria and archae are prokaryotes

Term 35

Definition 35

Term 36

eukaryotes

Definition 36

dna enclosed in a nucleus, specialized internal compartments (organelles) hold structures as well
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Term 37

bacteri

Definition 37

live as producers or decomposers. have some structural molecules and mechanisms of photosynthesis that are unique and found only in this domain

Term 38

archae

Definition 38

live as producers or decomposers. inhabit extreme environments, distinguished by some structural molecules and by a primitive form of photosynthesis that are unique to their domain

Term 39

protoctista

Definition 39

diverse group of single and multi-cellular eukaryotic species.
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Term 40

Definition 40

Term 41

kingdom plantae

Definition 41

multicellular organisms, carry ut photosynthesis, producers

Term 42

fungi

Definition 42

varied groups of unicellular and multicellular species,most are decomposers that break down and absorb molecules from dead organisms;
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Term 43

Definition 43

Term 44

animals

Definition 44

multicellular organisms that live as consumers by ingesting organisms in all 3 domans. motility is a key function

Term 45

basic research

Definition 45

search for explanatiins about natural phenomena to satify their own curiostiy and to advance our collective knowledge of living systems
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Term 46

applied research

Definition 46

research for the goal of solving a specific problem

Term 47

Definition 47