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Principles of Sociology Test 1
oiug
45
Sociology
Undergraduate 1
02/11/2016

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Cards

Term
Sociological perspective
Definition
Looking at life while thinking about group/social influence
Term
Social location
Definition
Areas that people occupy which can affect how they view the world
Term
Examples of social location
Definition
Jobs, gender, race, ethnicity, age
Term
Natural sciences
Definition
Use the scientific method to examine natural world (biology, chemistry, physics)
Term
Social sciences
Definition
Examines human relationships (sociology, psychology)
Term
Social darwinism
Definition
"Survival of the fittest" applied to social sciences
Term
Karl Marx
Definition
Strong follower of conflict theory, ideas still presented contemporarily
Term
Durkheim
Definition
Got sociology recognized as its own discipline. studied suicide and social integration
Term
Social integration
Definition
How people are attached to groups
Term
Jane Addams
Definition
Co-founder of Hull House + American Civil Liberties Union
Term
Mead
Definition
Developed ideas of symbolic interaction, social self, gestures, and play
Term
Play
Definition
taking the role of someone else
Term
Burgess
Definition
Elucidated on marriage and aging
Term
Park
Definition
Assisted in developing chicago school of sociology (urban ecology and race relations)
Term
Cooley
Definition
(SI) society and self all a part of what makes us human. Looking glass self
Term
Looking glass self
Definition
How we see ourselves is based on how others see us
Term
Functionalism
Definition
Each part of society functions as a whole (stability)
Term
Conflict theory
Definition
Working class has less than the upper class (proletariat vs bourgeoisie)
Term
Symbolic interaction
Definition
Objects, behaviors, events all have symbolic meaning (race, gender) which tells us how to act towards people
Term
Macro theory
Definition
Sociology on a broad level (functionalists + conflict theorists)
Term
Micro theory
Definition
Sociology on a specific level (symbolic interactionists)
Term
Culture
Definition
Language, beliefs, values, norms
Term
Ethnocentrism
Definition
Thinking your culture is the best
Term
Norms
Definition
Expectations/rules of a society
Term
Values
Definition
Desirable in life, good or bad, indicated standards
Term
Folkways
Definition
Norms not strictly enforced
Term
Mores
Definition
Core values people must conform to
Term
Counterculture
Definition
Groups w/norms that go against culture (gangs)
Term
Subcultures
Definition
Groups within a culture (drag queens)
Term
U.S. examples of values
Definition
Individualism, materalistic, competition, equality, freedom, work ethic
Term
Cultural lag
Definition
Culture lags behind technology
Term
Nature vs. Nurture
Definition
Natural instinct vs cultural influences.
Term
Socialization
Definition
Exposing an individual to make them a certain way, such as gender
Term
Gender socialization
Definition
Pushing individuals towards masculine/feminine
Term
Kingsley Davis
Definition
Population explosion/zero growth population coined by him
Term
Statuses
Definition
Relative social positions (upper/lower class)
Term
Goffman's Dramaturgy
Definition
Society is like a play. "Front stage" and "back stage" personas
Term
I and Me
Definition
"I" subject, "me" object
Term
Achieved statuses
Definition
Personal skills, abilities
Term
Ascribed statuses
Definition
Assigned at birth and ccannot change
Term
Status symbols
Definition
Objects that denote social status
Term
Manifest functions
Definition
Intended function of an action/policy (going to mardi gras for notability)
Term
Latent functions
Definition
Unintended functions of an action/policy (pain, people thinking we're UA)
Term
Cultural universals
Definition
Something all cultures have in common (marriage)
Term
Social statuses
Definition
Social ties between individuals/organizations
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