Term
Subjective:
-___ of tester
-___ of patient |
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Definition
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Term
Objective:
-___
-___ of patient
-Knowledge of ___ and ___ |
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Definition
| Repeatable; Compliance; latency; amplitude |
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Term
Artifact Versus Response:
-Balance between narrowing range and widening the range of ___ allowed
-Even if noise is low level and not triggering artifact reject, can ___ results
-___ data and standard deviations |
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Definition
| input; distort; Normative |
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Term
Reliable and Repeatable:
- Theory behind ___ ___
-“Not complete if you didn’t ___” JW Hall III
-1 channel versus 2 channel-can help us....
-Artifact/noise
-Alternating (combined ___ and ___)
-Some equipment will only show you the ___ value |
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Definition
| signal averaging; repeat; filter out artifact; rarefaction; condensation; Fsp |
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Term
Fsp:
-Statistical ___ ___ measure
-Commonly applied algorithm for ___ ABR
-Quantifies the response ________ ratio |
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Definition
| variance ratio; automatic; signal to noise |
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Term
Peak Picking or Marking/Labeling Waves:
-___ skill
-Sometimes obvious, other times obscured by ___
-Use ___ ___ about specific response to determine location of peak or trough
-___ recording may help define peaks-will help us know exactly where wave 5 is |
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Definition
| Learned; noise; known information; Contralateral; |
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Term
| Normative data used for comparison should use the same parameters as those used to ___ ___ |
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Definition
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Term
Collecting Normative Data:
-Recruit __ to __ subjects with balanced gender (or collect gender specific norms)
-Set up protocol to be used in clinic with ___ settings (see previous slide)
-Collect good ___ from each subject
-___ waves and transfer to spreadsheet
-Calculate average ___ and ___ ___ |
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Definition
| 10 to 20; same; data; Mark; latency; standard deviation |
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Term
| ___ analysis techniques can be over-used and obscure whether a true response occurred |
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Definition
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Term
| What are offline waveform manipulations? |
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Definition
| Adding, subtracting, inverting, filtering, smoothing |
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Term
| Two waveforms which are almost identical will appear unchanged |
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Definition
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Term
| Two waveforms which are almost identical will appear as a flat line. Can combine two channel recording into a simulated three channel recording (as if using horizontal electrode array) |
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Definition
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Term
| Used to eliminate small irregularities in waveform |
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Definition
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Term
Smoothing:
-____-frequency noise (electrical or muscular)
-Can usually be done to same waveform multiple times without creating ___ of latency |
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Definition
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Term
| May be useful in enhancing waveform quality. Remove electrical noise or slow-wave noise |
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Definition
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Term
Differential Diagnosis or Threshold Estimation:
-Analysis techniques vary by what ___ is being sought
-Retrocochlear pathology ABR occurs with a ___ intensity click at both a ___ and ___ rate
-Threshold estimation ABR occurs with ___ intensity until response ___
-Use of multiple ___ to determine conductive or sensorineural |
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Definition
| information; high; slow; fast; decreasing; disappears; transducers |
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Term
| Timing after stimulus in which response occurs |
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Definition
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Term
Latency:
-Very important for some responses (___, ___)
-Less important for others (___ response, ___, ___)
-Even when not important, waves should occur within a ___ time period
-Absolute latency can be effected by ___ or ___ placement
-Inter-peak latency should be ___ regardless of electrode or stimulus placement |
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Definition
| ECochG, ABR; Cortical, VEMP, MLR; specific; electrode; stimulus; stable |
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Term
Amplitude:
-Valued more in specific testing for ___ diagnosis (retrocochlear, VEMP, ABR wave I to wave V comparison)
-Some newer studies are investigating use of amplitude for ___ hearing loss |
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Definition
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Term
Transient Sounds (like clicks):
-___ neurons
-Response waveform ___ greatly from stimulus waveform
-Predictable positive and negative ___ ___
-Marking peaks (voltage deflections) ___
-____-duration stimuli |
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Definition
| Onset; varies; voltage patterns; important; Short |
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Term
Steady-State Response:
-Mimic or follow periodic ___ or ___ patterns
-Marking peaks ___ ___
-___ ___ transform (FFT) |
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Definition
| spectral; envelope; not useful; Fast Fourier |
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Term
| ___ and ___ 1965: New method for faster Fourier transform algorithm. Method for computing series of data points more efficiently. |
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Definition
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Term
Welch 1967:
-Used to estimate ___ ___
-Takes modified “___”
-Directly yields a resolution in ___ dimension use for testing and measure nonstationarity |
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Definition
| power spectra; periodograms; time |
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Term
Steady State:
-Follow ___ and ___ features
-___ measurements not performed
-FFT used to analyze ___ and ___ measures which match stimulus
-Response not considered present until an appropriate ___ ___ is achieved |
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Definition
| spectral; envelope; Latency; amplitude phase; strong coherence |
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Term
Steady State – Clinician Role:
-Monitor ___
-Monitor recording for ___ or ___
-___ stay in place
-Patient still and ___
-Make judgements about whether to ___ a frequency/level |
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Definition
| patient; interference; noise; Electrodes; relaxed; repeat |
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