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principles of ecology
organisms in the environment
17
Biology
9th Grade
02/23/2009

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Term
ecology
Definition
the study of interactions that take place between organisms and their environment. (air currects, temperature, moisture, light, and soil.
Term
biosphere
Definition
the portion of Earth that supports living things. (extends from high in the atmosphere to the bottom of the oceans)
Term
abiotic factors
Definition
nonliving parts of an organism's enviornment.
Term
biotic factors
Definition
all the living things in an enviornment. (animals, plants)
Term
population
Definition
group of organisms, all of the same species, which interbreed and live in the same area at the same time.
Term
biological community
Definition
made up of interacting populations in a certain area at a certain time.
Term
ecosystem
Definition
made up of interacting populations in a biological community and the community's abiotic factors.
Term
habitat
Definition
place where an organism lives out its life.
Term
niche
Definition
all strategies and adaptations a species uses in its environment- how it meets its specific needs for food and shelter, how it survives.
Term
mutualism
Definition
relationship in which both species benifit
Term
commensalism
Definition
symbiotic relationship in which one species benefits and the other species is not harmed or benifitted
Term
parasitism
Definition
symbiotic relationship in which a member of one species derives benefit at the expense of another species.
Term
autotroph
Definition
makes own food/producer
Term
heterotroph
Definition
an organism that cannot make its own food
Term
decomposers
Definition
break down the complex compouds of dead and decaying plants and animals into simpler molecules.
Term
food chain
Definition
simple model that shows how matter and energy move through an ecosystem.
Term
food web
Definition
shows all possible feeding relationships at each trophic level in a community.
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