Term
| This word means "bringing forth young, about to give birth or related to pregnancy." |
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Definition
| Parturient (you just wasted 30 seconds of your life reading this card). |
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Term
| What are the two main categories of physiological changes incurred during pregnancy? |
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Definition
1. Those related to increased METABOLIC demands.
2. Those related to ANATOMICAL changes |
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Term
| T or F: Plasma volume increases proportionally with RBC in the parturient female. |
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Definition
| False. Avg increase in plasma is 45% (1 to 1.5 liters in most women). Avg increase in RBC volume is roughly half that - 20%. This results in PHYSIOLOGIC ANEMIA. |
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Term
| How much is the estimated blood volume (in ml/kg) in the full term preggers mom? |
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Definition
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Term
| Physiological anemia occurs during pregnancy due to an increased plasma volume relative to RBC volume. In the average preggo, the hgb usually doesn't drop below what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the average blood loss with a vaginal delivery? C-section? How long, following delivery, does it take for blood volume to return to normal? |
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Definition
400-500 ml
800-1000 ml
1-2 weeks |
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Term
Increased cardiac output is achieved via several mechanisms during pregnancy. State whether the following statements are true or false.
- Heart rate and stroke volume increase proportionately to increase cardiac output.
- Cardiac output is increased 10% by week 10 and 40-50% by the 3rd trimester.
- Pulmonary artery pressures do not increase during pregnancy.
- CVP is increased due to the increased circulating plasma volume.
- Cardiac output increases the most during delivery.
- CO returns to normal 2 weeks post-partum
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Definition
- False. HR increases 15-25%. SV increases more (40-50%).
- True
- True
- False. CVP is not increased.
- False. CO increases most after delivery - as much as 80%!
- True
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Term
| T or F: During pregnancy, cardiac chambers enlarge and myocardial hypertrophy is noted on echocardiography. |
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Definition
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Term
| Along with an increased stroke volume and heart rate what is another cardiovascular change that occurs during pregnancy? |
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Definition
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Term
| If the plasma volume and RBC volume increase during pregnancy then why doesn't CVP increase? |
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Definition
| The vasculature relaxes and the venous capacitance vessels dilate. In fact systolic BP decreases by as much as 15% (diastolic pressure also increases) |
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Term
| Why would femoral venous pressure increase during pregnancy? |
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Definition
| The gravid uterus compresses the vena cava. |
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Term
| What is the incidence of supine hypotension syndrome and what are the symptoms? |
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Definition
| 20%. Characterized by hypotension associated with nausea, vomiting, sweating and/or pallor. |
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Term
| This position exacerbates vena caval compression. |
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Definition
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Term
| ____a_____ in combination with ___b____ often associated with regional or general anesthesia can produce fetal asphyxia. |
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Definition
a. aortocaval compression
b. hypotension |
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Term
| When does aortocaval compression usually occur? |
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Definition
| at 28 wks (or maybe earlier) |
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Term
| What should you do to avoid aortocaval compression in your preggers patient? |
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Definition
| turn them to the left (LUD - left uterine displacement) |
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