Term
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Definition
| acidogenic bacteria and biofilm |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| what can greatly increase risk of caries? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what are the two major bacteria that cause caries? |
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Definition
| lactobacillus and s. mutans |
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Term
| what 4 things are in the dental caries process? |
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Definition
microorganisms (lactobacillus and s. mutans)
tooth resistance
cariogenic/diet/substraight
salivary factors |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| found in occlusal of posterior teeth and in lingual pits of maxillary and buccal pits on lower molars |
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Term
|
Definition
| stage 3 caries massive decay |
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Term
|
Definition
| other than pits and fissures |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| adjacent to or below existing restoration (fillings etc) |
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Term
|
Definition
-outer surface remineralized
-sclerotic inner barrier
-sound dentin
-dintinal tubules mineralized |
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Term
| where is the only place arrested decay could be |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what are some high risk factors that can influence caries? |
|
Definition
-xerostomia(dry mouth)
-previous caries
-recession of exposed root
frequent sugar intake |
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Term
| what are some other things that can influence the presence of caries? |
|
Definition
-inadequate flouride
-irregular dental care
-orthodontic treatment |
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Term
| what are some things one can do to prevent caries? |
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Definition
-nutrition counseling
-preventive measures controlling biofilm and using flouride |
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Term
| what is the essential mineral for caries prevention? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| who is the primary colonizer for caries? |
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Definition
| S. mutans followed by acidogenic lactobacilli |
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Term
| what promotes the growth of microorganisms like s. mutans and lactobacilli in dental plaque? |
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Definition
| decreased salivary flow (dry mouth) |
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Term
| when does acid formation begin? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| how long will it take for ph to normalize after ph has been lowered? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| if ph is lowered it is considered what? |
|
Definition
acidogenic
a ph of 4.5-5.5
enamel demineralizes |
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Term
| what is the ph of root surface demineralization? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what is a normal ph in a healthy mouth? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what does the amount of demineralization depend on? |
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Definition
time
frequency of ph falling below normal |
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Term
true or false
large amounts of sucrose at mealtime is less cariogenic than small amounts eaten throughout the day. |
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Definition
| true mealtimes are better for the teeth and intake of sucrose. |
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Term
| can plaque form without food present? |
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Definition
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Term
| if a sweetener is nutritive? |
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Definition
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Term
| if a sweetener is non-nutritive |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| sugars or other substances that provide pleasurable taste. |
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Term
| what are naturally occuring sugars |
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Definition
| monosaccharides (3-7 carbons) |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| what are some examples of monosaccharides |
|
Definition
-glucose
-fructose
-galactose
-mannose |
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Term
| what are some examples of disaccharides? |
|
Definition
-sucrose
-lactose
-maltose
-high fructose corn syrup
-molasses
-honey |
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Term
| what are some uses for sucrose the disaccharide? |
|
Definition
-nutritive (has calories)
-molasses
-table sugar
-a component of sucrose is fructose used in many foods |
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Term
| what are some artificial sweeteners |
|
Definition
saccharine/cylamate sweet n low
aspartame
sucralose (splenda) |
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Term
|
Definition
not sugars but are
sugar alcohols
can be nutritive |
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Term
|
Definition
-sorbitol
-mannitol
-xylitol |
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Term
| what are some uses of xylitol? |
|
Definition
-helps with dry mouth
-chewing gum or mints
40% fewer calories than sugars are slowly digested and absorbed.
-protects against tooth decay
-reduces the # of s. mutans and lactic acid levels
-reduces biofilms because they have difficulty attaching
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|
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Term
| what is a side effect of xylitol? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what are some fermentable carbohydrates that promote tooth decay? |
|
Definition
-sucrose
-glucose
-fructose
-maltose |
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Term
| what is important about stevia |
|
Definition
not approved by fda
derived from shrub in south america
is a dietary supplement |
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Term
| what bacteria is most likely to be transmitted from mother to baby? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what is something that is used to remove s. mutans |
|
Definition
paridex or chlorhexidine
a microbial rinse aid |
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Term
| we used to treat lesion now we treat |
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Definition
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Term
| what can one do after consuming something that lowered ph in oral cavity? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| if a person is vomitting what should they do to protect teeth enamel? |
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Definition
| rinse with water and wait to brush until about 30 minutes after vomitting has subsided. |
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Term
| what is the ingredient in soda along with sugar that promotes risk of caries? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| if someone has an active lesion it is considered? |
|
Definition
| to be progressing toward cavitation (demineralization) |
|
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Term
| if someone has an inactive lesion? |
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Definition
| -not progressing or it is healing by remineralizing also known as arrested decay. |
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Term
| subsurface demineralizaton |
|
Definition
| this eventually causes a collapse of the overlying tooth surface creating a cavitation. |
|
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Term
| what determines the activity status of a lesion? |
|
Definition
-color
-surface texture
-longitudinal radiographs (not just one radiograph) |
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Term
|
Definition
| a tool that can help detect subsurface demineralization before cavities can occur.\ |
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Term
| what radiograph is necessary for diagnosis of interproximal caries? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| if caries appear chalky nonglossy or feel rough that is a good indication they are what? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| list some characteristics of inactive lesions |
|
Definition
-white to black
shiny
smooth
hard |
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Term
|
Definition
Caries Management by risk assessment
identify and treat high risk
try to manipulate risk factors |
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Term
| how would one teach a patient about decay? |
|
Definition
-tell them about sources of cariogenic foods (sugars and artificial sugars)
-tell them how acid produces on tooth surface
-tell them about fluctuations of ph in the mouth and how they could help prevent caries.
-tell them to brush immediately after ingesting fermentable carbohydrates.
-tell them to try to only eat sugars at mealtimes
-tell them flouride will help to remineralize teeth
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Term
|
Definition
| a phenomenon where carious lesions occur to pairing teeth |
|
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Term
| what happens in second stage of lesions? |
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Definition
| after insipient lesions, the next stage includes progress of demineralization to the DEJ (dentinoenamel junction). |
|
|
Term
| what are the 4 zones of caries activity? |
|
Definition
-surface zone
-body of lesion
-dark zone
-translucent zone |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| interlocking structures containing billions of hydroxyapetite crystals. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when eating or drinking increases ions from parotid salivary glands. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| when you are sleeping or not eating these produce some demineralizing ions. |
|
|
Term
| what was the first recorded sweetener? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what % of daily sugar intake does the institute of medicine reccomend? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how would you compare high starch snacks with sucrose alone |
|
Definition
| high starch snacks produce as much plaque as sucrose but at a slower rate. |
|
|
Term
| what acid does xylitol reduce |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many k/cal does sucrose produce? |
|
Definition
| sucrose makes 4k/cal/gram so 16k/cal per teaspoon |
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Term
|
Definition
| hereditary fructose intolerance |
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