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Preservation
Churtneys,etc.
25
Culinary Art
Undergraduate 2
11/26/2011

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Term
Advantages of Food Preservation TO ANCIENT PEOPLE are that it allowed people to
Definition
1.to stay in one place w/o fear of starvation.
2. to travel w/o fear of starvation
Term
Advantages of Food Preservation TO THE MODERN KITCHEN are that it
Definition
1. captures food at best quality.
2. season food less expensive
3. marketed as "made in-house"
4. preserve adds flavor(unique&custom)
Term
Acidity of food is measured by PH level.
Definition
Foods preserved by acidity must have a PH level of 4.6 or less. Range is 1-14. 7 is neutral.
Term
Foods which are preserved by acid depend on one or more of following acids
Definition
1) citrus
2) malic
3) acetic
Term
Bacterial Growth Chart
Definition
1) Lag phase (1-4 hrs)
2) Log Phase-accelerated bacterial growth
3)Stationary Phase 4) decline.
Term
TDZ (41-135 degrees)
Definition
Not in TDZ for more than 2 hours.
Cool from 135 to 70 w/in two hours; then down to 41 w/in 4 more hours.
Term
CEVICHE
Definition
marinating fish or shellfish in lime or lemon juice which "cooks" it. Can be 1)acid cooked (use fish that are safely eaten or 2)blanched & acid cook
Term
CEVICHE
Definition
marinating fish or shellfish in lime or lemon juice which "cooks" it. Can be 1)acid cooked (use fish that are safely eaten or 2)blanched & acid cook
Term
Carpaccio
Definition
very thinly sliced raw beef (sometimes seared) w/acid topping. Today can include fish, poultry, game, vegetable, fruits, offal.
Term
Tartar
Definition
tough meat placed under saddles was tenderized (shredded). Seasoning (gin, vinegar)added & served raw.Today includes fish
Term
Herring, Anchovies, Sardines and Salmon
Definition
cleaning should take place immediately.
Term
Sun Drying
Definition
foods layed out and dried by the sun; in a place where there is low humidity and the temperatures are near 100 degrees. The problems are the lack of sanitation and the lengthy time required.
Term
Oven Drying
Definition
There is no special equipment required, just a regular oven set to about 140 degrees. The problem is that you can’t do too much at once.
Term
Food Drying Machine
Definition
dries at about 120 degrees & produces a more even result. A fan or open oven door allows humidity to escape
Term
When drying vegetables, almost all vegetables need to be blanched. (it protects nutrients & shortens drying)
Definition
Asorbic acid diluted in water will stop the oxidation of cut apples.
Term
Hot Pickling (aka Canning)
Definition
the art of preserving food by cooking it in a jar and sealing it. Process at least 15 min.
Term
Clostridium botulinum
Definition
Found in soil or water. During the canning process, oxygen is removed from the container by heat. Therefore
bacteria can't grow.
Term
Chow Chow
Definition
Is a relish or pickled relish and is from the South. Take available vegs and add pickling liquid & jar.
Term
Kimchee
Definition
sunken vegetables b/c they are sunk into water w/seasonings. (fermented vegetables)
Term
Chutney
Definition
a relish made with fruits and spices in a vinegar & sugar solution. The British took it to India. Usually combines sweet & sour flavor.
Term
mustard gets its yellow color from tumeric
Definition
American mustards are made from white seeds. European mustards are made from yellow/brown seeds & are grainy
Term
Relishes are served col to act as a foil to hot or spicy food.
Definition
Compotes are made by cooking fruits in syrup. Can also be savory (ie. bell pepper, onion, vinegar.
Term
FLAVORED OIL
1) Infused: heat oil with zest
2) Steeped: herb in bottle; add heated oil
Definition
3) Puree: puree raw veg, fruit, herb; add oil.
4) cold infusion: room temp veg & oil
Term
Adding fresh or raw ingredients to oil raises the possibility of food borne illnesses...REFRIGERATE.
Definition
Term
Traditional European pickles use vinegar. Indian& SE Asian pickles use oil as the pickling agent.
Definition
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