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Prentice Hall Earth Science textbook 2015
Chapter 16
14
Science
9th Grade
03/02/2016

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Term
ocean current
Definition
mass of ocean water that flows from one place to another
Term
surface current
Definition
movement of water that flows horizontally in the upper part of the ocean surface
Term
gyre
Definition
the large circular surface current pattern found in each ocean
Term
Coriolis effect
Definition
currents are deflected to the right in the Northern Hemisphere and to the left in the Southern Hemisphere
Term
upwelling
Definition
the rising of cold water from deeper layers to replace warmer surface water that has been moved away
Term
density current
Definition
current of ocean water that results from density differences among water masses
Term
wave height
Definition
the vertical distance between the trough and crest of a wave
Term
wavelength
Definition
the horizontal distance separating successive crests or troughs
Term
wave period
Definition
the time interval between the passage of successive crests at a stationary point
Term
fetch
Definition
the distance that the wind has traveled across open water
Term
tide
Definition
daily change in the elevation of the ocean surface
Term
tidal range
Definition
the difference in height between successive high and low tides
Term
spring tide
Definition
highest tidal range that occurs due to the alignment of Earth, the moon, and the sun
Term
neap tide
Definition
lowest tidal range, occurring near the times of the first-quarter and third-quarter phases of the moon
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