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| A hollow, fluid-filled ball in the embryo |
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| Cells on the inside of the blastocyst that will become the new organism (baby) |
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| The thin outer ring of cells around the blastocyst |
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| When the blastocyst burrows deep into the uterine lining between the 7th and 9th days |
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| A membrane that encloses the developing brane |
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| Keeps the temperature of the prenatal world constant and provides a cushion against any jolts caused by the woman's movement |
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| A protective membrane which surrounds the amnion which tiny fingerlike villi, or blood vessels, emerge |
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| Brings the mother and embryo's blood close together, and permits food and oxygen to reach the developing organism and waste products to be carried away |
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| First appears as a primitive body stalk and during the course of pregnancy, grows to be 1-2 feet. Contains one large vein that delivers blood loaded with nutrients and two arteries that remove waste products |
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| From implantation through the 8th week of pregnancy. When most rapid prenatal changes occur |
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| From the 9th week to the end of pregnancy. The longest prenatal period. "growth and finishing phase". The developing organism increases rapidly in size |
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| A white cheese-like substance that protects a fetus's skin from chapping during the long months sent bathing in the amniotic fluid |
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| White, downy hair that helps the vernix stick to the skin |
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| The point at which a baby can first survive out of the womb, between 22 and 26 weeks |
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| Any environmental agent that causes damage during the prenatal period |
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Term
| fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) |
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Definition
| A range of physical, mental, and behavioral outcomes caused by prenatal alcohol exposure |
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Term
| Fetal alcohol Syndrome (FAS) |
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Definition
| A. slow physical growth b. a pattern of three facial abnormalities (short eyelid openings, a thin upper lip, a smooth or flattened philtrum, or indentation running from the bottom of the nose to the center of the upper lip, c. brain injury, evident in a small head and impairment in at least 3 areas of function (memory, language, attention span, activity level, planning, motor coordination, or social skills) |
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Term
| Partial fetal alcohol syndrome (p-FAS) |
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Definition
| Characterized by a. 2 of 3 facial abnormalities, b. brain injury in at least 3 areas of impaired function. Mothers of children with p-FAS generally drank alcohol in smaller quantities and children's defects var with the timing and length of alcohol exposure |
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Term
| Alcohol-related neurodevelopmental disorder (ARND) |
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Definition
| At least 3 areas of mental functioning are impaired despite absence of physical abnormalities. |
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Term
| Rh factor incompatibility |
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Definition
| When the mother is Rh-negative and the father is Rh-positive, the baby may inherit father's Rh-positive blood type. If even a little of a fetus's Rh-positive blood crosses the placenta into the Rh-negative mother's bloodstream, she begins to form antibodies to the foreign Rh protein. If these enter the fetus's system, they destroy red blood cells, reducing the oxygen supply to organs and tissues |
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