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| A sentence that makes a statement and tells about a person, place, thing or idea. |
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| A sentence that asks a question. |
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| A sentence that issues a command. |
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| A sentence that communicates strong ideas or feelings. |
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A sentence that expressed wishes or conditions contrary to the fact.
Example: If you were to hang onto the basketball rim, then you could experience the glory of every NBA player. |
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A sentence with a single subject or a compound subject and a single predicate or a compound predicate.
A simple sentence has only one independent clause. It can not have a dependent clause. |
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This sentence is made up of two independent clauses. The clauses must be joined by a semicolon or by a comma and a coordinating conjunction.
My dog growls at the mailman, but my cat growls at her littermate.
My dog growls at the mailman; my cat growls at her littermate. |
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A sentence that has one independent clause and one or more dependent clauses.
When you pass the Praxis II test, you'll enjoy a career in teaching.
You wil get a teaching job, even though it will be challenging. |
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Compound/Complex Sentence
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A sentence that has two or more independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses.
I just earned my teaching degree, and I plan to get a teaching job because I need a career. |
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| They do not name specific people, places, or things. Common nouns are not capitalized. |
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| Proper nouns name particular people, places or things. Proper nouns are capitalized. |
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| Concrete nouns name a thing that is tangible. They are either common or proper. |
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| Abstract Nouns name an idea, condition, or feeling. |
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| Collective Nouns name a group or unit. |
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| The subject of a clause or the predicate noun when it follows the verb be. |
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| shows possession or ownership |
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| a direct object, an indirect object or an object of a preposition |
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take direct objects - words or word groups that complete the meaning of a very by naming a receiver of the action.
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| Linking or Connecting Verbs |
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Connect the subject and the subject complement (an adjective, noun or noun equivalent)
It was rainy. |
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comes before another verb
She must have passed the Praxis II exam. |
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| Usually made up of to and the base form of a verb, such as to order or to abandon. It can function as an adjective, adverb or noun. |
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| A verb form that usually ends in -ing or -ed. Participles operate as adjectives but also maintain some characteristics of verbs. |
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Made up of a present participle and always functions as a noun.
Gardening is my favorite leisure activity. |
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| I, you, he, she it, we they, who, what |
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| itself, myself, anybody, someone, everything |
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The noun to which a pronoun refers. Each pronoun must agree with its antecedent.
Jimmy is playing in a basketball tournament tomorrow. He hopes to play well. |
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| words, clauses, or phrases that limit or describe other words or groups of words |
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| describe or modify nouns or pronouns |
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| descrbie time, place, manner and degree |
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| groups of related words that operate as a single part of speech, such as a verb, verbal, prepositional, appositive or absolute |
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groups of related words that have both a subject and a predicate.
"I have a tendency to procrastinate when I have a high-stakes assignment." |
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| Occurs when there are two or more possible meanings to a word or a phrase. |
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A socially accepted word or phrase used to replace unacceptable language, such as expressions for bodily functions or body parts. They are also used as substitutes for straightforward words to tactfully conceal or falsify meaning.
Example: My grandmother passed away last April. |
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Language that is intended to be evasive or to conceal. It is related to euphemism but is distinguished by its use by government, military and business organization.
Example - "downsized" actually means fired or loss of a job |
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| The specialized language or a particular group or culture. Education-related jargon includes words such as rubric, tuning protocol and deskilling. |
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