Term
| 1. |
| If x and y are positively correlated, how does the value of y change as x increases? |
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Definition
Y increases
A positive correlation is defined as a relationship between two variables such that when one increases, the other increases, or when one decreases, the other decreases as well. In this particular question, the positive correlation characteristic allows us to conclude that when the x value increases, they value increases as well. |
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Term
| Marta is a 37-year-old single mother of two facing stage three breast cancer. She is her family's sole provider, fears losing her home if treatment takes longer than her job may allow, and worries about her co-pays. She does not know how or what to tell her children and does not want to impose on her extended family. She is overwhelmed. Which services would most benefit her at this point? |
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Definition
Medical case management
Medical case management will assist Marta in accessing all needed services by linking her to providers with expertise specific to her situation; such providers can alleviate her fears and help her reach out to others for support. |
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Term
| 3. |
| A client with a lifelong drinking history is contemplating sobriety, but he is fearful because he knows that he is physiologically dependent on alcohol and has been for much of his adult life. He has attempted to quit many times, but he fears that trying again will end in failure again. You should FIRST: |
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Definition
Normalize his fears, discussing sobriety as a process, not a one-time event
The client's primary issue is fear about the complex process of attaining sobriety when dependent on alcohol. He is afraid of failure, which will reinforce the underlying negative beliefs he has about himself already. Build rapport and trust in order to move him forward in the process. |
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Term
4.
| The reliability of an assessment tool is an indicator of: |
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Definition
| How dependable the assessment tool is |
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Term
| 5. |
| Which of the following does NOT belong in the Conduct Disorder specifier list? |
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Definition
Predominately Inattentive Presentation
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Term
| 6. |
| Glenda is a young mother of three small children. She is HIV-positive and struggling to accept the illness as part of her life, all the while fearing what her health status could mean in the long-term for her young children. She has a good support system and is a good mother, but she has periods of fear, anger, and sadness. She wants help in dealing with the waves of emotion that sometimes intrude on her life. The BEST response is to: |
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Definition
Provide counseling to address her feelings of grief and loss around her health status and future
Glenda is specifically asking for help in dealing with difficult emotions. There may or may not be a long-term issue related to her children, and if there is, it is many years down the road and not something you need to address at this time. |
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Term
| 7. |
| Clinical supervisors who lack training in appropriate delivery of educational supervision often become overwhelmed and find themselves ill-equipped to effectively supervise when difficulty arises, often leading them to use a different set of skills to attempt to be effective in the supervisory relationship. What skills are common for the supervisor to use in this scenario? |
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Definition
Therapeutic treatment skills
Clinical supervisors who lack training in appropriate delivery of educational supervision often become overwhelmed and find themselves ill-equipped to effectively supervise when difficulty arises, often leading them to use their treatment skills in the supervisory relationship, treating the practitioner as client rather than as a supervisee. |
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Term
| 8. |
| Max is the youngest child born to a broken, drug-impacted family. His father has been in and out of jail, and his mother has been in and out of rehabilitation. Max resides with his grandparents. His siblings are intermittently involved, and in the shadow of their drug issues, Max has begun to make poor choices. His grandparents are becoming frustrated with their inability to guide him and request help. The BEST option is to: |
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Definition
Advocate for involvement with a group at school providing support for children whose families are impacted by drugs
Max is in need of positive supports that do not label him with pathology, and that provide support in a meaningful way. |
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Term
| 9. |
| Ed and Glenda request help in dealing with their adult son who continues to rely on them for support. He moves in and out of their house, depending on his needs. He cannot meet his rent payments, cell phone, and insurance payments, much less food, and other expenses. His parents cannot understand where his money goes, though his employment ebbs and flows. Ed and Glenda know the economy is bad and have friends who are experiencing similar circumstances with their adult children. The son sees his peers struggling and their parents helping, so he feels certain he is a victim of his circumstances. Ed and Glenda request help in learning to set boundaries without hurting their son. The FIRST task is: |
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Definition
Assess the systems that enable and reinforce the son's current patterns
The first step is to assess the systems in place that create and sustain the behaviors that Ed and Glenda desire to change. |
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Term
| 10. |
| A young couple presents for counseling following police intervention for domestic violence. He admits to drinking "a few too many sometimes, but usually only 8-10 beers." The FIRST step is to: |
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Definition
Assess for safety
The first step is to assess the situation for safety to determine the level of threat present in the home, given current risk factors for age, police involvement, and alcohol. There is no indication he is currently intoxicated though he may be dependent and at risk for medical complications. Full assessment is required before a treatment plan can be presented or the couple can voice their desires for what may and may not be available to them. |
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Term
| 11. |
| The BEST approach to take as a crisis intervention therapist seeking to de-escalate and stabilize a crisis situation is to be: |
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Definition
Active, directive, and systematic
The best approach to take with a crisis situation requiring de-escalation and stabilization is to be active, directive, and systematic. When in an active state of crisis, clients are not able to muster required resources for problem-solving and safety. |
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Term
| 12. |
| Client: "If I had lost just my fingers in the accident, I could still be functional. But the fact that I am blind and in constant pain makes things unbearable." Counselor: "What I hear you saying is that you are currently in pain, and you feel like you can't stand it anymore. Is that right?" The counselor's response is: |
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Definition
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Term
| 13. |
| Carl is incarcerated and is engaging in treatment for substance use as part of his sentence. He has questions about confidentiality. What is the BEST response? |
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Definition
Provide information on limits of confidentiality and gain informed consent for treatment
Clients who are incarcerated or are in treatment involuntarily still have the right to refuse treatment, and they have the right to understand who has access to information about their treatment and under what conditions. If there are specific reporting requirements, that must be provided. If reports are given to the courts, parole, or other entities, the client has a right to be informed so he/or she can make an informed decision about whether or how much to engage. |
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Term
| 14. |
| Frances is seven years old and has suddenly become enuretic in the classroom. Her parents report that Frances has been potty trained since age three and has had no incidents in daycare or at home. What is the FIRST step? |
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Definition
Review for triggers leading up to the enuresis
The first step is to consider what triggers preceded the behavior. You always need to assess the client before referring him/or her to other providers. |
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Term
| 15. |
| Joan is 30 years old, just had her third child, and reports extreme fatigue, poor concentration, lack of motivation, and loss of appetite. She is disheveled and has body odor. The FIRST step is to: |
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Definition
Discover the duration and intensity of symptoms
Further assessment is required to determine what the primary issue is with Joan, enabling appropriate goal-setting and treatment planning. |
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Term
| 16. |
| For years, Dan has been obsessed with watching pornography. Dan has also been having sexual fantasies about women, finding specific pleasure in thoughts of them disrobing.For the last year, Dan has been repeatedly spy on his neighbors (who don't have their bedroom window covered) whenever they are engaging in sexual activity. It is likely that he may be diagnosed with: |
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Definition
Voyeuristic Disorder
Dan's behavior is best characterized by Voyeuristic Disorder. The diagnostic criteria for Voyeuristic Disorder require there to be recurrent and intense sexual arousal from observing an unsuspecting person who is naked, in the process of disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity, as manifested by fantasies, urges, or behaviors over a period of at least 6 months. The individual has acted on these sexual urges with a nonconsenting person, or the sexual urges or fantasies cause clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning. The person experiencing the arousal and/or acting on the urges is at least 18 years of age. |
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Term
| 17. |
| "So here's the overall picture. You feel like you would like to date boys but at the same time you are feeling a little scared. You would like to have a boyfriend, but you would also like to pal around with your girlfriends. Is that correct?" The above is an example of: |
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Definition
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Term
| 18. |
| A 44-year-old man presents with symptoms consistent with Alcohol Use Disorder. Multiple options are available for treatment along a continuum. You believe an inpatient program is best for him to detoxify initially, and then a transfer to a residential program for the best chance at long-term sobriety and recovery. He refuses inpatient and residential options, preferring instead to participate in a day treatment program, allowing him to stay better connected to his family and employment. What is the BEST course of action? |
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Definition
Implement the least restrictive treatment option
When the client meets criteria for a less restrictive program, implement the least intrusive option.
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Term
| 19. |
| Pam is a mother of two elementary-aged children who has just returned to working part-time after being home with the kids. She is no longer able to keep up the house, laundry, grocery shopping, and other tasks like she once did. Her spouse is supportive and assists with both household chores and the kids. Despite both his physical efforts and emotional support, Pam feels like a failure and as if she has betrayed her family. The BEST way to approach Pam is to say: |
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Definition
"It is overwhelming to work tirelessly and still feel like you don't measure up."
Pam's feelings are irrational, but they are her feelings and you must begin where the client is, accepting her for who she is at her core (a mom who wants to care for her family), which will help establish rapport. |
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Term
| 20. |
| 23-year old Penny comes into your outpatient office seeking therapy for "constant worrying." Penny says that ever since high school, she's referred to herself as a "worrier" and that she often finds herself worrying about work, graduate school, her friends, her family - just about everything. She confirms that worrying this much is exhausting, and more often than not, she feels fatigued, though this may also be related by her difficulty falling and staying asleep. Penny adds that she snaps at her loved ones and has a harder time focusing on her school work. She thinks that the way she feels is pretty normal, but you think she may have: |
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Definition
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Penny's symptoms fit Generalized Anxiety Disorder because she's had them longer than six months, has the symptoms (fatigue, sleep disturbance, irritability, difficulty concentrating) most days, and the symptoms are related to a number of events/activities. |
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Term
| 21. |
| Jerry, a 37-year old man, is referred to your outpatient practice by an emergency room worker following a string of recent emergency room visits. Jerry tells you that for the past couple of months he's had these "mini heart attacks" where he finds himself shaking, can't catch his breath, and feels like he might pass out for several intense minutes. He's sure it's a heart attack because of the chest pain that goes with it, but the emergency room keeps telling him he hasn't had a heart attack. He's so worried about having more of these incidents that he avoids leaving his house for anything other than work to keep himself safe, and he's considering taking a leave of absence from work. Jerry denies ever receiving mental health treatment previously. Based on the information provided, you believe he's probably struggling with: |
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Definition
Panic Disorder
Panic Disorder is the best fit because what Jerry is describing fits with a panic attack, and he's going to great lengths to avoid having more. For Generalized Anxiety Disorder with Panic Attacks to fit, Jerry would need to give more history of anxiety outside of the panic attacks, which he does not. Jerry also does not provide any information that indicates substances are a factor or that he has any intense fears other than of having more of these incidents. |
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Term
| 22. |
| You have been working for a family agency for 10 years. A new director takes over and tells you that you must limit your sessions to three per client, which is the number that will be reimbursed by insurance. What do you do FIRST? |
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Definition
Agree to try a brief therapy model but discuss with your supervisor that there will be times when counseling cannot be terminated after three sessions
It is important to put the needs of the clients first and work within the system to change this arbitrary policy. There may be times when your ethical duties to the clients conflict with agency policy, and it is important to work within the structure of your agency to ensure that your duty to the clients comes first. |
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Term
| 23. |
| Which of the following does not appear on the Mental Status Examination? |
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Definition
The client's social status in the community
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Term
| 24. |
| Richard presents with severe depression. He reports motivation for counseling services, but he is strongly opposed to medication. The FIRST thing to do is: |
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Definition
Acknowledge Richard's opposition and further assess any concerns about the treatment
The first step is to acknowledge the client and build rapport with him. One must first understand his concerns. There is no reference to suicide, and though protection of life is important, beginning where Richard is would be primary, especially since he reports motivation for treatment (indication of future planning and not active suicidality). Before one can support the client's desire to not be referred out for medication evaluation, more information is needed to understand a complete clinical picture to make an informed decision about the best course of action. |
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Term
| 25. |
| Christine has been described by her mother as a normal and healthy child since her birth. However, one and a half months ago she began regurgitating her food and re-chewing it after every meal. She has been checked by her primary medical physician who found no physiological symptoms, thus the referral to your practice. No other DSM-5 diagnostic symptoms are present except those described above. What is the most appropriate diagnosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| 6. |
| As a counselor, you want to have an accurate picture of a client's ability to accomplish an individual task or group of tasks. You will use a test instrument that measures: |
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Definition
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Term
| 27. |
| A series of tornadoes hits a small town, and a woman presents at the disaster crisis center to speak with a crisis counselor. She is disheveled, and you are aware she has lost her home. What is the FIRST task to encourage in the session? |
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Definition
Let her tell her story
The first task is to encourage her to tell her story. The first phase of crisis counseling is to remember the event and 'tell the story'. The clinical goals at this phase are targeted at validating the normalcy of feeling abnormal. |
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Term
| 28. |
| When functioning as an examiner for the court, a therapist: |
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Definition
Must report any relevant information
It is important to remember that the clinician may be found in contempt of court by a judge for failing to report relevant information. Also, since it is the client who owns the 'privilege,' the decision to waive privilege or insist on it should always take into account the client's wishes. The clinician should remain cognizant of the fact that this does not absolve him/or her from the ethical responsibility to advise the client about the possible risks of disclosure. An ethically proper decision may be to negotiate less damaging alternatives to disclosing information in open court (e.g., in a private meeting in the judge's chambers or by the clinician's provision of written summaries to the attorneys and judge). |
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Term
| 29. |
| Which of the following is associated with partialization? |
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Definition
Prioritizing the goals and objectives of the client and determining which need to be worked on first
In partialization, the client's objectives and goals are first prioritized so that they can be worked on separately and in sequence. This is a way to avoid overwhelming the client by the work she/he must do to attain her/his goals. It is a way of making progress in steps that match the needs and concerns of the client. |
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Term
| 30. |
| How would a scatterplot of data that are weakly and negatively correlated appear? |
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Definition
Data points follow a general trend from top left to bottom right; points are loosely bunched together
The keyword 'weak' tells us that the values on the scatterplot are not close together (i.e. loosely bunched as opposed to closely bunched). The characteristic of a negative correlation is that as x increases, y decreases. To have the scatterplot move from the top left to the bottom right, we start with a low x value and a high y value and eventually end up with a high x value and low y value. |
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