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Practice Exam 1
Pharmacy Practice objective information through 2/17
38
Pharmacology
Professional
01/22/2012

Additional Pharmacology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
List the defining features of a reflective essay
Definition

-Written at the end of a milestone

-An evaluation

-Record of feelings and what you learned

-Guide to the "deeper meaning" (lol)

Term
What is the difference between a reflective essay and an informative essay?
Definition
Reflective essays focus on what you learned, not just stating facts
Term
List the six steps for writing a reflective essay
Definition
1. Journal
2. Focus feelings, establish a theme
3. Be organized
4. Identify aspects of the situations
5. State what you learned
6. Consider writing technique
Term
What are the three parts of the structure of a reflective essay?
Definition
1. Introduction (with "hook")
2. Body
3. Conclusion- with "lesson learned"
Term
What does CAM stand for?
Definition
Complementary and Alternative Medicine

Medical systems, practices, or products not thought of as evidence-based standard of care
Term
List five examples of CAM
Definition
1. Natural products
2. Deep breathing
3. Meditation
4. Massage
5. Yoga
Term
What are 3 important points of discussion when advising patients on the use of dietary supplements/herbals
Definition
1. Inquire about supplement use
2. Educate about regulatory issues
3. Evaluate using the Natural Medicines Database
Term
List the 4 assurances provided by the "USP Verified" mark on a dietary supplement/herbal
Definition
-Integrity test
-Purity test
-Dissolution test
-Good manufacturing practices

-NOT safety or efficacy
Term
What was the effect of the Dietary Supplement Health Education Act?
Definition
-FDA must prove product is harmful to remove it from the market
-Assumed safe unless proven otherwise
Term
What group is most likely to use CAM?
Definition
Age group 50-59, people taking the most prescriptions. 50% of Native Americans, 43% of whites, 40% Asians
Term
Define homeopathic treatment
Definition
"like cures like", for example treating someone with nausea with a very diluted product that causes nausea
Term
What is the appropriate serving size for each basic food group?
Definition
Fruit- 1/2 cup canned or 1 medium
Vegetable- 1/2 cooked or 1 cup raw
Grain- 1 slice bread, 1/3 cup rice/pasta
Protein- 1oz or 1 egg
Dairy- 1 cup low-fat
Fat- 1 tsp oil/butter
Term
What percent calories should come from carbohydrates, protein, and fat?
Definition
45-65% carbohydrates
20-30% fat
10-35% protein
Term
What is the formula for BMI, and what is the cutoff for overweight and obese?
Definition

kg/m2

 

<18 malnourished

18-25 healthy

>25 overweight

>30 obese

Term
What is the formula for ideal body weight?

What is the range for a normal weight?
Definition
Men: 106 + (6 x inches over 5')

Women: 100 + (5x inches over 5')

Normal weight is 90-120% of this number
Term
List some early terms for Medication Therapy Management
Definition
Cognitive services, clinical pharmacy services, pharmaceutical care, collaborative drug therapy management
Term
What was the effect of the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003?
Definition
It allowed pharmacists to bill Medicare for MTM for eligible patients
Term
What are the requirements for a patient to be MTM insured under medicare?
Definition
Multiple Rx meds, multiple chronic conditions, drug spend of $4000 annually
Term
List the five core elements of MTM
Definition
1. Medication Therapy Review
2. Personal Medication Record
3. Medication Action Plan
4. Intervention and Referral
5. Documentation and Follow-up
Term
What is the benefit of a Personal Medication Record?
Definition
A patient takes the record with them at all times for use in self-management and to show other health care practionioners
Term
What is a major part of documentation of MTM?
Definition
A SOAP note
Term
What major change happened in 2008 regarding pharmacists and insurance?
Definition
Pharmacists got their own billing codes (MTM, reassessment, 15-minutes of service) for insurance
Term
For MTM services, how much did the Lewin Report decide a pharmacist's time was worth?
Definition
$1-3 a minute
Term
What is an NPI?
Definition
National Provider Identifier for pharmacists and pharmacies- to make medical claims even more anonymous for HIPAA purposes
Term
Define medication error
Definition
Any preventable event that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use or patient harm
Term
What is the estimated frequency of a medication error?
Definition
4 errors/ 250 prescriptions
Term
Why shouldn't the abbreviation U be used?
Definition
It means units, but it is mistaken as 0/4/cc
Term
Why shouldn't the abbreviation μg be used?
Definition
It means micrograms, but is mistaken for mg
Term
Why shouldn't the abbreviation Q.D. be used?
Definition
It means "every day", but is mistaken for "four times a day"
Term
Why shouldn't the abbreviation Q.O.D. be used?
Definition
It means "every other day" but is mistaken for "QD" or "QID"
Term
Why shouldn't the abbreviations SQ or SC be used?
Definition
It is intended to mean subcutaneous, but is mistaken for SL
Term
Why shouldn't the abbreviation TIW be used?
Definition
It is intended to mean "three times a week", but is mistaken for "three times a day" or "twice a week"
Term
Why shouldn't the abbreviation HS be used?
Definition
It is intended to mean "half-strength", but is mistaken for "bedtime"
Term
Why shouldn't the abbreviation cc be used?
Definition
It is intended to mean cubic centimeters, but is mistaken as "U" for units
Term
Why shouldn't the abbreviations AU/AS/AD be used?
Definition
It is intended to mean for ears, but is misinterpreted as for eyes
Term
Why shouldn't the abbreviation IU be used?
Definition
It is intended to mean international unit, but is mistaken as IV or 10
Term
Why shouldn't the abbreviations MS/MSO4/MgSO4 be used?
Definition
Morphine sulfate and magnesium sulfate are easily mixed up
Term
List "high alert" medications that could cause serious harm if an error was made
Definition
Chemotherapy, oral hypoglycemics, insulins, methotrexate, opioids, anticoagulants, injectable electrolytes, sedative agents, paralyzing agents
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