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PPSE FINAL
Terms Part 3
50
Other
Undergraduate 1
03/13/2011

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Term
Fitness
Definition
an organism’s ability to reproduce and pass on characteristics to future generations relative to the rest of the population.
Term
Food web
Definition
the complex of food interactions among members of a community.
Term
Forensic entomology
Definition
the use of entomology to settle legal issues, particularly murders.
Term
Fossil
Definition
a record of a dead organism.
Term
Founder effect
Definition
occurs when a small colonizing population, carrying a small percentage of potential species genetic diversity, expands to a very large population.
Term
Fully social
Definition
In some Hymenoptera and all Isoptera, a life cycle in which the queen (and hence the colony) live for many years.
Term
Gamete
Definition
a haploid reproductive cells, either egg or sperm.
Term
Gastric caecae
Definition
an organ which is part of the insect digestive system, which secretes digestive enzymes. Analogous to the pancreas of humans.
Term
Gene
Definition
a sequence of nucleotides that codes for a protein.
Term
Gene flow
Definition
the movement of genes from one population to another
Term
Generation
Definition
a life cycle; in insects, from egg to immature to adult and back to the egg.
Term
Genetic drift
Definition
random changes in allele frequencies; occurs usually with there are small populations.
Term
Genotype
Definition
the combination of alleles present in an organism's chromosomes.
Term
Germ cells
Definition
cells which give rise to gametes.
Term
Glyerol
Definition
an alcohol with three hydroxyl groups that is used as antifreeze by many insects to survive cold winter temperatures. Glycerol has a minimum freezing temperature of about -35 degrees (C or F).
Term
Gravity
Definition
the attractive force between two objects, proportionate to mass and distance.
Term
Habitat
Definition
A location where an species or assemblage of species lives.
Term
Haiku
Definition
a Japanese poetic style, consisting of three lines and 17 syllables, in a pattern of 5-7-5.
Term
Halteres
Definition
the vestigial hindwings of the Diptera, which now resemble small knobs and are used for balance, not flying.
Term
Haplo-diploidy
Definition
a genetic condition in some insect species in which females are diploid and males are haploid.
Term
Haploid
Definition
having just one set of chromosomes
Term
Hardy-Weinberg principle
Definition
provides a base line to explain how changes in allele frequencies lead to evolutionary change.
Term
Hemelytron (-hemelytra plural)
Definition
means half-hardened wing. The forewing of the true bugs (Hemiptera).
Term
Hemimetabolism
Definition
the type of insect metamorphosis in which immatures resemble the adults with the exception of wings and sexual organs. See incomplete metamorphosis.
Term
Hemocytes
Definition
insect blood cells.
Term
Hemolymph
Definition
insect blood.
Term
Herbivore
Definition
an organism that solely eats plant material.
Term
Heritable
Definition
a characteristic that can be passed from parent to offspring through genes.
Term
Heterotroph
Definition
an organism that cannot produce its own food and depends on must consume other organisms to obtain energy.
Term
Heterozygous
Definition
the genetic condition in which different alleles are present.
Term
Holometabolism
Definition
the type of insect metamorphosis in which a pupal stage is present, and the immature stage does not resemble the adult. See complete metamorphosis.
Term
Homozygous
Definition
the genetic condition in which both alleles are the same.
Term
Honeydew
Definition
a sugary waste product, commonly released by Hemiptera such as aphids, whiteflies, scales, psyllids and mealybugs.
Term
Hormones
Definition
chemicals produced by endocrine cells or glands, used for internal communication.
Term
Host
Definition
an organism which is fed upon by a parasite or parasitoid.
Term
Hydrophobic
Definition
not water soluble, literally, "water hating."
Term
Hypostome
Definition
a structure found in the Acarina; on ticks it has backward facing barbs.
Term
Hypothesis
Definition
a testable question.
Term
In copula
Definition
referring to the mating process, by which a male and a female are locked during sperm transfer.
Term
Incomplete metamorphosis
Definition
Ametabolism or hemimetabolism.
Term
Indirect flight
Definition
the more advanced way of insect flight, in which the flight muscles are attached to the thoracic body wall.
Term
Industrial melanism
Definition
a phenomenon which occurred in 19th century England, when dark peppered moths were selected for over light moths.
Term
Insectary
Definition
an insect rearing facility.
Term
Integrated pest management
Definition
a pest management strategy which combines elements of biological, cultural and chemical controls.
Term
Integument
Definition
synonym for exoskeleton.
Term
Iris
Definition
in humans, the colored, musculated part of the eye that flanks the pupil.
Term
Isotope
Definition
an elemental variation which contains the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons.
Term
Jaundice
Definition
a condition in which the body cannot break down bilirubin (which is formed by the break down of red blood cells), and turns the skin and whites of eyes yellow.
Term
Kinetic energy
Definition
the energy of motion.
Term
Labium
Definition
in chewing insects, the lower "lip."
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