Shared Flashcard Set

Details

PPR for EC-6_194
Competencies 1-13
140
Education
Professional
12/27/2010

Additional Education Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
concrete to abstract
Definition
When learning new concepts, the teacher knows the importance of moving from...
Term
zone of proximal development with appropriate scaffolding
Definition
According to Vygotsky's theory of learning, instructional sequence of lessons is effective because activities are planned in the...
Term
True
Definition

True or False...

Kindergarten students make decisions based on consequence so reminding them of the consequences would be an appropriate action to improve classroom management

Term
cognitive development
Definition
flexible grouping, concrete examples, active engagement, and intrinsic motivational techniques are all techniques that supports the students'
Term
seriation
Definition
the ability to sequence according to a certain criteria such as smallest to largest or shortest to tallest is known as...
Term
EC-2
Definition
Students at this grade level are typically in the preoperational stage and unable to perform conservation tasks
Term
Reversibility
Definition

The ability to change direction in thinking enabling a return to the starting point.

 

example: when 2nd graders don't automatically recognize that if 3+4=7 then 7-4=3

 

This is known as...

Term
Reversibility
Definition
According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development, 2nd grade students have not yet developed the skills of...
Term
  • Flexible
  • Teacher-directed and
  • Student-centered
Definition
An appropriate way for teachers to plan instruction would be to include activities that are:
Term
rephrase the question
Definition
According to Vygotsky's notion of scaffolding, an appropriate way that a teacher can enhance the probability of a successful student response would be to...
Term
blending sounds together to make words
Definition
The need for an instructional intervention to strengthen phonemic awareness would be to assess a student who has trouble...
Term
language and private speech
Definition
According to Vygotsky, an activity that includes reading, writing, listening, and speaking in a math unit allows for students to use_________ and __________ as a tool for learning.
Term
Vygotsky
Definition
According to ____________, how we see the world determines how we think.
Term
Piaget
Definition
According to his theory, how we think determines how we see the world.
Term
pretend play
Definition

This type of learning has been linked to:

  • creativity
  • problem-solving
  • language learning and
  • development of adult social roles
Term
individualize instruction and structure activities
Definition
Teachers must do this to allow each student to experience a measure of success..
Term
True
Definition

True or False:

Students should be encouraged to invent their own games

Term
Imaginary Audience
Definition
  • The feeling of others staring at them; watching their every move
  • Sensitivity to attention
  • The need to wear the right clothes with brand name and status symbol

What physiological characteristic is this?

Term
physiological development changes
Definition
Imaginary audience and personal fables are known as...
Term
Jean Piaget
Definition
He was a predominant figure in the field of cognitive psychology
Term
accommodation
Definition
The process of adjusting prior knowledge gained through former experiences and interactions is known as...
Term
assimilation
Definition
fitting together new information with what has been previously known or understood is known as...
Term
Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development
Definition
The notion that cognitive abilities are developed as individuals mature physiologically and they have opportunities to interact with their environment
Term
Birth to age 2
Definition
In Piaget's Stages of Development, the sensorimotor stage is at what age group?
Term
Preoperational stage
Definition
  • many children in primary grades are at this stage
  • individuals think more in terms of what they can't do than what they can do
  • describes how pre-k and kinder go about problem solving

what stage of development is this?

Term
Preoperational Stage
Definition
In Piaget's Stages of Development, age 2-7 is the...
Term
Concrete Operation Stage
Definition

During this stage:

  • learners consider viewpoints other their own
  • can understand reversibility, inversion, reciprocity and conservation
  • can group items into categories
  • make inferences and engage in inductive reasoning
  • can manipulate symbols
  • it is the higher-learning stage
Term
Concrete Operational Stage
Definition
Age 7-11 is the __________ ___________ stage of Piaget's Stages of Development?
Term
Formal Operational Stage
Definition
Ages 11 to adulthood is considered to be what stage of Piaget's Stages of Development
Term
Formal Operational Stage
Definition

Learning in this stage:

  • engage in logical, abstract, and hypothetical thought
  • use scientific method, formulate hypothesis, isolate influences, and identify cause and effect
  • plan and anticipate verbal cues
  • engage in deductive and inductive reasoning

this stage characterizes the higher level of thought

Term

Sensorimotor

Preoperational

Concrete Operation

Formal Operation

Definition
Name the 4 stages of cognitive development in order.
Term
Erikson
Definition
His theory states that preschoolers and primary school-age children must be able to function in the outside world independently of parents.
Term
Personal Fable
Definition
  • The belief that "my life is different from everyone else's"
  • promotes a feeling of isolation
  • promotes a willingness to engage in risky behavior

are all characteristics of what physiological development changes?

Term
cognition
Definition
  • This term refers to all processes where knowledge is required
  • Covers smell, touch, and sound
  • Covers analysis, synthesis, and critical thinking
Term
cognitive abilities
Definition
one's ability to think is known as...
Term
intrinsically
Definition
undertaking and completing tasks because they see the value in doing so is known as being _______________ motivated...
Term
extrinsically
Definition
undertaking and completing tasks because of the desire to please others or to earn good marks is known as being ________ motivated.
Term
nonconforming
Definition
Always doing the unexpected and sometimes unwanted are students who are...
Term
conforming
Definition
Students who always follow the rules are...
Term
Preceptual Strengths
Definition
Knowing a student's learning style as visual, auditory, tactile, or kinesthetic are known as what type of strengths?
Term
print awareness skills
Definition
when a child does not know how to handle books, locate print on a page, retell stories, recognize environmental print, and/or does not connect the written and spoken word is said to have not developed...
Term
committee review
Definition
this type of review is an appropriate action for a student who is not responding to interventions.  It allows support services from other campus personnel to be solicited to help the student.
Term
stereotypical roles and heterogeneous
Definition

One way to eliminate gender bias in the classroom so that all students feel empowered to reach their goals would be to avoid _______________ and use _____________

groups for collaborative activities.

Term
global learners
Definition
When teachers begin the lesson with a story so students see the value and relevance of the new learning, they are enhancing instruction for what type of learners?
Term
graphic organizers
Definition
Teachers can provide this to ESL students who are having difficulty understanding content.
Term
validate students as knowers
Definition

Motivational principles such as:

  1. showing an interest in students both in school and outside school
  2. allowing the students to question the teacher and
  3. valueing students' opinions, ideas, comments

are 3 ways that...

Term
knowledge
Definition
  • The lowest category of cognitive domain for Bloom's Taxonomy
  • It is similar to a closed question with one obvious right answer
Term
knowledge
Definition

Word such as:

  • choose, define, read, list, describe, recall, name, state, identify, pick, collect, who, what, when, where

are all descriptive verbs for what level of Bloom's Taxonomy?

Term
comprehension
Definition

Word such as:

  • classify, compare, contrast, demonstate, give examples, summarize, restate, explain, rephrase, outline, estimate, relate

are all descriptive verbs for what level of Bloom's Taxonomy?

Term
comprehension
Definition
this level is known as the 2nd lowest level of Bloom's Taxonomy.
Term
application
Definition
this level is known as the 1st higher level of Bloom's Taxonomy.
Term
application
Definition

Word such as:

  • apply, chart, develop, build, solve, predict, compute, construct, model, illustrate, develop, assess, calculate

are all descriptive verbs for what level of Bloom's Taxonomy?

Term
analysis
Definition

The 2nd highest level of Blooms.

 

It involves taking something apart, looking at all the pieces, and then making a response

Term
analysis
Definition

Word such as:

  • analyze, break down, categorize, distinguish, infer, reduce, differentiate, dissect, distinguish

are all descriptive verbs for what level of Bloom's Taxonomy?

Term
synthesis
Definition

Developing a new way to solve problems, writing a short story, or designing an experiment.

 

An example question might be "what do you predict will happen if we combine these two chemicals?"

 

What Bloom's category is this?

Term
synthesis
Definition

Word such as:

  • build, rearrange, modify, revise, validate, construct, create, design, compile, collaborate, compose, propose

are all descriptive verbs for what level of Bloom's Taxonomy?

Term
evaluation
Definition

Word such as:

  • justify, defend, judge, debate, interpret, decide, assess, value, prove

are all descriptive verbs for what level of Bloom's Taxonomy?

Term
evaluation
Definition
  • The highest level of Blooms
  • Involves the question "why" or request to "justify your answer"
  • This level must build on previous levels
Term

knowledge

comprehension

application

analysis

synthesis

evaluation

Definition
Name the stages of Bloom's Taxonomy in order from least to greatest.
Term
anticipatory set
Definition
  • Developing a focus or introduction to a lesson
  • It gets the attention of students interests
Term
self-directed learners
Definition
Providing a list of objectives and having students develop and carry out two activities to help them meet the objectives will encourage students to be...
Term
with student expectations at the state standards
Definition
When choosing activities for a unit, how should they be aligned?
Term
preview the website to determine if it is appropriate
Definition
Before incorporating a website into a unit, the most important thing a teacher should do 1st is to...
Term
  1. using smaller groups
  2. increasing time for instruction and practice
  3. scaffolding instruction
Definition
A teacher can best adapt instruction for a struggling reader by:
Term
organizing new information into categories
Definition
Graphic organizers could best help students retain facts from reading by...
Term
give a direct clue
Definition
A teacher calls on a student to answer a question.  The student does not answer seems confused.  The best approach for dealing with students such as this would be for the teacher to...
Term
application
Definition

Examples such as:

  • changing the format of information
  • creating a graph from a narrative description of a survey

are both examples of what Bloom's category

Term

retention

"retaining new learning"

Definition
  • degree of original learning
  • feeling tone
  • meaning and
  • schedule of practice

are all important factors for:

Term
sponge activities
Definition
This type of activity is an effective way of establishing intrinsic motivation such as getting to class on time.
Term
operant conditioning
Definition
A reading program that allows students to take a comprehension test and earn points for each book as a positive consequence to increase the likelihood of repeated behavior is an application of...
Term
operant conditioning
Definition

This conditioning proposes that a behavior will reoccur as a result of reinforcement or punishment

-rewarded behaviors will reoccur

-punished behaviors will disappear

Term
extinction
Definition
Ignoring a behavior or taking no action is known as...
Term
motivation
Definition
  • success
  • interest level
  • degree of original learning

are all principles of...

Term
classical conditioning
Definition
Flicking the light switch off for a few seconds without making any comments to help students refocus and work quietly is known as...
Term
level of difficulty
Definition
When reorganizing the classroom lirary to help foster independent reading for students, the most appropriate way to organize the library would be to arrange books in baskets that are grouped by...
Term
appropriately spaced to reduce distractions
Definition
when rearranging the physical classroom environment to increase student attention during whole group instruction, the teacher should ensure that the students are...
Term

establishing regular schedules and routines and

keeping materials accessible

Definition
To enable students to engage independently in purposeful, on-task behavior, a teacher can best achieve this goal by...
Term
apply established consequences each time the student speaks out of term
Definition
One way a teacher can help develop self-regulation skills for a student who often calls out answers to the teacher's questions without raising their hand or being called on would be to...
Term
group contingency
Definition

"If the class averages 95% on the quiz, there will be no essay questions on the final test."

 

This example is one way to promote...

Term
praise the student for his/her appropriate behavior
Definition
The most effective technique to help minimize disruptions from a student who frequently misbehaves would be to...
Term
ask the question then call on a student
Definition
an effective approach that would enhance questioning techniques to check for understanding and to keep students focused would be to...
Term
specific, accurate, and clear
Definition
When communicating, a teacher's message should be...
Term

knowledge

comprehension

application

analysis

synthesis

evaluation

Definition
Name the Bloom's Taxonomy in order from lowest to highest
Term
bend or kneel down to the students' level
Definition
A nonverbal technique that can best facilitate communication between two pre-k students who are involved in a dispute would be to...
Term
knowledge
Definition

Remembers, recalls learned information; memorized...

 

What level of Bloom's Taxonomy is this?

Term
comprehension
Definition

Understands the meaning of information and is able to restate in own words...

 

What level of Bloom's Taxonomy is this?

Term
application
Definition

Using information in a new situation...

 

What level of Bloom's Taxonomy is this?

Term
analysis
Definition

Breaks down information into component parts; examines part for divergent thinking and inferences...

 

What level of Bloom's Taxonomy is this?

Term
synthesis
Definition

Creates something new by divergently or creatively using information...

 

What level of Bloom's Taxonomy is this?

Term
evaluation
Definition

Judges on the basis of informed criteria...

 

What level of Bloom's Taxonomy is this?

Term
deductive strategy
Definition

A method in which teachers present material through lecture, or students teach each other through presentation

 

Activities include practice and review of information through games or tournaments and presentations by the teacher or students

Term
inductive strategy
Definition
  • lessons are inquiry or discovery
  • often starts with a thought-provoking question for which students are interested in finding an explanation
  • includes brainstorming and categorizing information
  • includes research and higher-level thinking such as analysis and synthesis
Term
justify and defend their answers
Definition
one way that teachers can stimulate critical thinking would be to ask students to...
Term
"the test was hard"
Definition

A student who is externally motivated would likely comment that ____________________

after making a low grade on a test.

Term
previewed and approved by the teacher
Definition
resources should neer be used with a class unless they have been...
Term
  • school, college/university, county, and city libraries
  • education service centers

 

Definition
Name some of the resource areas that educators could use and be familiar with.
Term
December 2000
Definition
The Children's Internet Protection Act (CIPA) and the Neighborhood Children's Internet Protection Act (N-CIPA) was passed by Congress in _____________ requiring children's internet protection.
Term
"fair use"
Definition
Section 107 of the 1976 Copyright Act includes a major limitation in the doctrine of...
Term
"fair use"
Definition
This doctrine allows for the limited reproduction of copyrighted works for educational and research purpose
Term
setting up the computer stations in which the teacher cannot see the monitors
Definition
What is an ineffective arrangement for setting up computers in the classroom?
Term
Teacher Monitoring
Definition
What other component is necessary to ensure viewing of appropriate information?
Term
only one
Definition
To ensure the legal use of software, teachers should install software on how many computers?
Term
shareware requires registration after a certain length of time
Definition

In relation to shareware, teachers should adhere to copyright laws and avoid software piracy by remembering that...

 

Term
  • Increase productivity and
  • Enhance learning
Definition
To major goals of implementing classroom tehnology in EC-6 classrooms would be to:
Term
informal measures
Definition
Observations, journals, written drafts, and conversations are examples of...
Term
formal measures
Definition
Teacher-made tests, standardized tests, and district exams are examples of...
Term
recall of factual information
Definition

Tests that are lower levels of knowledge such as:

  • multiple choice, true/false, matching, fill in the blank

would be most effective to test...

 

Term
higher-level thinking skills
Definition
Projects, papers, and portfolios can provide assessment of...
Term
criterion-referenced tests
Definition
  • This type of test is measured agains objectives and/or criteria
  • Allows the possibility that all students can score 100 percent
  • It is a noncompetitive test
Term
Anecdotal Record
Definition
This type of observation uses a checklist to record observed behavior over time
Term
Norm-referenced tests
Definition
  • an achievement test
  • scores are reported as percentile
  • compares performance with that of a group
Term
performance based tests
Definition
  • This type of test allows students to be creative in solutions to problems or questions
  • allows students to use higher-level thinking skills
  • assesses how well students perform certain tasks
Term
criterion-referenced test
Definition
The TAKS test is a...
Term
authentic
Definition
Asking students to retell a story to make sure they understand and remember important story events is what type of assessment?
Term
validity
Definition
When test scores are consistent but the tests are not measuring the content of the units, it is considered to be an error in...
Term
send home the student's folder for a required signature
Definition
A system of daily communication to help keep parents informed of student's progress and involved in the academic development of the student would be to...
Term
True
Definition

True or False:

If a student begins to show repeated weaknesses in work or attitude toward work, the teacher should call the parent for a conference regarding the student.

Term
True
Definition

True or False:

If a teacher has a parent who primarily speak Spanish, the teacher can request that a bilingual teacher be present at a parent-teacher conference in order to provide traanslations as needed.

 

Term
teacher
Definition
The primary role of an aide working with a student with a disability would be to facilitate the student's ability to participate in and benefit from instruction planned by the...
Term
pre-conference
Definition
This type of conference sets a purpose for observations and sets the tone for a successful appraisal
Term
Two students who demonstrate an ongoing conflict
Definition
Name a situation that could best be addressed by the grade-level counselor.
Term
engage in data-driven dialogue
Definition
Name an activity that would be most effective to engage team members on purposeful reflections of after-school tutorials
Term
  • Book studies
  • Peer observations
  • Professional organization affiliations
Definition
Name some activities that could effectively contribute to site-based professional development
Term
Family Education Rights and Privacy Act
Definition
What does FERPA stand for?
Term
48 hours
Definition
Suspected child abuse must be reported by the school personnel to CPS or an appropriate agency within...
Term
review and access information pertaining to their child only
Definition
Under the FERPA law, parents have the right to...
Term
ARD Committee
Definition
An IEP is written by what committee?
Term
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
Definition
It guarantees equal opportunity for individuals with disabilities.  What law/act is this?
Term
False...they are NOT the same
Definition

True or False:

Learning disabilities ARE the same as mental retardation, autism, deafness, blindness, or behavioral disorders

Term
Individuals with Disabilites Education Act of 1997
Definition
What does IDEA stand for and what year was it established?
Term
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
Definition
The purpose of this law is to ensure that all children with disabilities have available to them a free appropriate public education that emphasizes special education and related service.  What law/act is this?
Term
Admissions, Review, and Dismissal
Definition
What does ARD stand for?
Term
Acceptable Use Policy
Definition
Offering to give a password to another teacher or signing another teacher on to a computer violates the district's...
Term
Individualized Education Program (IEP)
Definition
A student with multiple disabilities have a full-time aide assigned to work with him.  The primary responsibility of the classroom teache will be to provide the student with instructions that promote the student's progress in achieving the learning goals specified in the student's...
Term
The National Educational Association's Code of Ethics of the Education Profession
Definition

This code of ethics is based on:

commitment to the student and the profession

Term

The Texas Administrative Code

Title 19, Part 7

Definition
This code states that the educator shall exemplify the highest standards of professional commitment.  What is the name of this code?  What is the title and part number?
Term
scaffolding
Definition
An instructional technique in which the teacher models the desired learning strategy or task, then gradually shifts responsibility to the students is known as...
Term
zone of proximal development
Definition
What a child can do with help/guidance and what he or she can do without help/guidance is known as...
Term
adaptation
Definition

According to Piaget, this is how learning occurs.

It is the process of adjusting schemes through assimilation or accomodation.

Term
schemes
Definition
Mental patterns that guide behavior.  They help children process and organize information to make sense of the environment.
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