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Definition
| a space with definable boundaries and objects where typical pattern of behavior occurs at a particular time (e.g. Tossing a scarf during the national anthem at Jeld-Wen Field during a Timbers match) |
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| systematic record taking about members of a population. Began in 1790 and occurs every 10 years. |
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| Statistical study of human populations |
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Definition
number of people per unit area
• Densities are calculated as net or gross values. Net values do not include streets.
• Lower densities (suburbs) have high utility rates and are dependent on the automobile
• 30 People Per Acre (or 1 person per 1,452 sf) |
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Definition
| actual number of people in a given location |
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| the study of spatial requirements of humans and the effects of population density on behavior, communication and social interaction |
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| behavioral system where person/group lays claim to an area and defends it |
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Definition
| grouping of people arranged in a way that each can have privacy from others |
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| Housing Types: Detached Single Family |
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Definition
| private, one-family per building, height varies depending on style and location |
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| Housing Types: Two Family Houses/Duplex |
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Definition
| private, one-family per unit, two families per building, height varies depending on style and location, more affordable than detached single family buildings |
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| Housing Types: Row Houses |
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Definition
| private, one family per unit, multiple families per building, typically two stories with a basement and 20’-0”- 35’-0” wide. Sound is a problem with shared walls on either side |
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| Housing Types: Walk-Up Apartment |
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Definition
| semi-private, multiple families per building, with shared exterior circulation stairs to units, typically three stories tall, with neighboring units adjacent and above/below |
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Definition
| semi-private, multiple families per floor in multi floor building, shared exterior, lobby, elevator, and circulation space. Least amount of implied ownership. Works well for elderly residential complexes, not so much for low-income families. |
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| Building Patterns: Street Front Pattern |
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Definition
| linear with houses lining the street |
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| Building Patterns: End On Pattern |
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| rows of units on small streets at right angles to the street |
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| Building Patterns: Court Pattern |
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Definition
| units face a common open space |
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Term
| Building Patterns: Cluster Development |
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Definition
| dwellings are clustered, open space is common |
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| Building Patterns: Planned Urban Development (PUD) |
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Definition
| large developments used to reintroduce diversity to a neighborhood an mimic cluster development. Typically phased and contains a mixture of uses |
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Term
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Definition
developed by Oscar Newman. In residential communities (typically low income) crime and problems can be controlled not by force, but by environmental design and a sense of ownership instilled in residents. Four key factors are:
• Territoriality: one’s home is sacred
• Natural Surveillance: residents’ ability to see what’s happening in the neighborhood
• Image: physical design that instills a sense of security
• Milieu/Environment: surrounding amenities that affect security (proximity to police/city center/drugs) |
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Term
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Definition
developed by Edward Hall. The area around a person that they consider psychologically to be “theirs”. Also known as a personal bubble, it has four zones:
• Intimate Space = 1'6" radius
• Personal Space = 4'-0" radius
• Social Space = 12'-0" radius
• Public Space = 25'-0" radius
Each person has two social world they live in, these are interdependent:
• Primary: intimate social interactions where a person develops as an individual. Friends and family are in this cluster.
• Secondary: less intimate and more specialized, where a person finds and develops their place in society. Work friends, hobby groups, clubs are in this cluster. |
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