Term
| What are some improvements to fireplaces |
|
Definition
Combustion gases exchange heat with
room air.
Angled side walls improve surface
radiation to the room.
Coal combustion gases exchange heat
with flue damper
All of the above and separate supply of
combustion air |
|
|
Term
| What are some types of heating stoves? |
|
Definition
Wood stove
Franklin Stove
Coal Stove |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Two iterations of ice machines? |
|
Definition
Carrier’s “Apparatus for Treating Air” (1912)
Carrier igloo (1939 World’s Fair) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| heating, ventilation and air conditioning |
|
|
Term
| Characteristics of Small Building HVAC |
|
Definition
Usually skin-load dominated
Ventilation is usually not as much of an issue
Distribution in cavities of walls, floor, ceiling
Usually there are basements / crawl space / attic for equipment |
|
|
Term
| Two ways to organize heating + cooling systems: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Two ways to deliver heat / cooling to occupants: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Two ways to move heat / cooling through buildings: |
|
Definition
Pumped water or steam (hydronic)
Fan-driven air (forced air) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Can Small Buildings' HVAC systems heat or cool? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| characteristics of local HVAC systems |
|
Definition
Occupy less space
Lower first costs
Generally higher operating costs
and energy usage
Good for buildings with many small
spaces requiring individual control |
|
|
Term
| where are local HVAC systems used? |
|
Definition
Small hotels, small
offices, renovated buildings |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of localcentral HVAC systems |
|
Definition
Generally quieter
Generally more efficient
Better control of air quality
Tend to last longer and are easier to
service
May be problematic if individual
control or billing is required |
|
|
Term
| where are central HVAC systems used? |
|
Definition
new buildings, especially
houses |
|
|
Term
| Two ways to provide comfort to occupants: |
|
Definition
| convection/conduction and radiation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Air is heated / cooled, which
in turn heats / cools the people |
|
|
Term
| How do forced air systems work? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A hot object radiates heat to people. A cold
object absorbs people’s radiant heat. |
|
|
Term
| How do hydronic systems work? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| do hydronic systems typically offer heating/ cooling/ both? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many ways are there to disperse heat through buildings? |
|
Definition
| hydronic systems and forced air |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of hydronic systems? |
|
Definition
Smaller distribution tree (pipes)
May have larger/noisier equipment in the
spaces
Can have better control of individual
zones |
|
|
Term
| do forced air systems typically offer heating/ cooling/ both? |
|
Definition
heating only
or heating and cooling |
|
|
Term
| Hydronic heating system elements |
|
Definition
Heat source
Distribution
Terminals
Convector
Fan Coil |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a unit containing a heating element that allows air to be heated through natural convection, without an additional fan |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a unit containing a heating element and a fan to initiate convective heating |
|
|
Term
| Series Loop Hydronic System |
|
Definition
Water flows to and through
each terminal in turn.
Water at the end of the circuit is
cooler.
Individual valved control is not
possible – one zone system.
$ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A valve controls each terminal
in the loop.
Water at the end of the circuit
is still cooler.
$$ |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A valve controls each terminal in the
loop.
A separate loop carries cooler return
water, so each terminal has the
same temperature water.
$$$ |
|
|
Term
| forced air heating system elements |
|
Definition
Heat source
Distribution
Terminals
Heat pump |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
An all electric heating /
cooling device that takes energy for
heating from outdoor air or a water supp |
|
|
Term
| location of terminals related to performance |
|
Definition
| Terminals on the perimeter provide better thermal comfort; the trade off is more heat loss. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
natural ventilation of fan based
evaporative cooling
refrigeration |
|
|
Term
| approaches to refrigeration |
|
Definition
Absorption-based refrigeration
Compression-based refrigeration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The location where refrigerant
turns from gas into liquid, and releases heat to
an airstream. |
|
|
Term
| Direct expansion (DX) or evaporator coil |
|
Definition
The location where refrigerant expands in
an evaporator, and absorbs heat from an
airstream |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| location of condenser and expansion coils |
|
|
Term
| Large HVAC Building Exquipment |
|
Definition
Boiler
Chiller
Cooling Tower
Fans |
|
|
Term
| where are the fans located in the Large system HVAC system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
An element containing at least the supply fans, coils, and air filter.
May also contain humidification section and plenum for mixing / discharging air |
|
|
Term
| Mechanical Room Design Considerations |
|
Definition
Allow adequate space for equipment
Provide connection to distribution pathways
Consider weight of equipment for structure
Provide acoustic separation
Provide appropriate fire protection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A device that removes heat by evaporation in the outside air. It may work
by natural draft or with fans |
|
|
Term
| Mechanical Systems Integration Issues |
|
Definition
Aesthetics
Human comfort
Efficiency / conservation
Appropriateness
Structural Integration |
|
|
Term
| Equipment to Integrate in HVAC systems |
|
Definition
Mechanical rooms/floors
Cooling towers
Distribution
Terminals |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A device that removes heat by evaporation in the outside air. It may work
by natural draft or with fans |
|
|
Term
| Mechanical Systems Integration Issues |
|
Definition
Aesthetics
Human comfort
Efficiency / conservation
Appropriateness
Structural Integration |
|
|
Term
| Equipment to Integrate in HVAC systems |
|
Definition
Mechanical rooms/floors
Cooling towers
Distribution
Terminals |
|
|
Term
| What MEEB Tables determine HVAC component system sizing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What elements of a building use the most energy? |
|
Definition
| water heating/ ventilation/ cooling/ space heating |
|
|
Term
| Energy Usage Intensity (EUI) |
|
Definition
| A metric for reporting a building’s energy use, measured in kBTU/sf/yr |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Total energy consumed in one year is divided by the total area of the building |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
asserts that the building sector must lead the way in energy use
reduction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The amount of energy consumed by a
building, as reflected in utility bills |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
raw fuel burned to create heat
or electricity, such as natural gas or oil used for onsite generation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the energy product (heat or
electricity) created from raw fuel, such as electricity purchased from an electrical grid |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The total amount of raw fuel
required to operate a building |
|
|
Term
| functions of water in contemporary life |
|
Definition
Nourishment
Cleansing + Hygiene
Ceremonial Uses
Cooling
Sewage Conveyance
Ornamental Uses
Fire protection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
people need about 3g/cd for cooking and drinking
livestock need about 2-35g/cd for drinking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
People (in the US ) use about 21 g/cd for bathing and personal hygiene.
Clothes- and dishwashing use about 14g/cd |
|
|
Term
| water as a means of cooling |
|
Definition
| passive and active systems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Potable/ rainwater /storm water /grey water /black water |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Water that is suitable for drinking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Clean water that falls as rain. Can be collected and used for irrigation,
toilet flushing, fire control, and cooling. [Potable uses if purified]. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Water that fell as rain, but has usually been contaminated by contact
with pollutants on the ground. This usually enters the a drainage system, may flow
directly to a lake or stream, or may be managed onsite. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Water from laundries, showers, bathroom sinks. Can be filtered and
reused for irrigation or toilet flushing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Water from toilets, kitchen sinks |
|
|
Term
| Rain water drainage systems |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Roof drains connect to roof leaders or
conductors, which are vertical pipes that
ultimately connect to underground building
storm drain piping. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Gutters drain to downspouts, which are either
connected to the storm sewer, or simply drain to
splash blocks, drywells, or other onsite disposal means |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
water for sanitation
irrigation water
drinking water
Increase groundwater recharge
Reduce storm water discharges,
urban floods and overloading of
sewage treatment plants
•Reduce seawater ingress in coastal
areas |
|
|
Term
| rain water harvesting process |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rainwater Harvesting Process |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rainwater Harvesting Process |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what kind of roofs do not permit rainwater catchment |
|
Definition
Asphaltic, zinc, copper,
asbestos, lead |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The total amount of water that is received in
the form of rainfall over an area |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the amount of rainwater that can be effectively harvested from total |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
accounts for the fact that all the rainwater falling
over an area cannot be effectively harvested, because of evaporation,
spillage etc. Factors like runoff coefficient and the first-flush wastes are
taken into account when estimating the collection efficiency. (A
collection efficiency of 75% is typical.) |
|
|
Term
| what is a typical collection efficiency in rainwater catchment structures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What MEEB table exhibits catchment yield |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| challenges with storm water drains |
|
Definition
| Pollutants / soil erosion / potential overloading of sanitary system |
|
|
Term
| what forms of pollutants endanger rainwater |
|
Definition
Motor Vehicles
Manufacturing Plant Emissions
Lawn fertilizer
Animal waste
Garbage
Construction debris |
|
|
Term
| what size sites are required to design a system for storm water collection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| technical issues to storm water collection |
|
Definition
Slow stormwater down to reduce erosion
and force water to drop its sediment
Reduce / disperse stormwater volume
Store/Infiltrate/Drain stormwater |
|
|
Term
| Design issue with storm water collection |
|
Definition
Use stormwater as an asset in the
landscape |
|
|
Term
| Porous / Pervious pavement |
|
Definition
uses high porosity asphalt, concrete,
incremental paving units, and open celled pavers to allow surface drainage
to penetrate to earth on the site. |
|
|
Term
| Raingardens and Onsite Infiltration |
|
Definition
storm water is collected and discharged
to the ground onsite. Useful where soils are dry and absorptive. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
shallow sloped vegetated
channels which take surface runoff to a
point where it may be collected or
infiltrated |
|
|
Term
| Extensive green / vegetated roof |
|
Definition
Typically 3-6 inches deep, lightweight, used for stormwater retention and runoff
reduction. Plantings are sedums and grasses |
|
|
Term
| Intensive green / vegetated roof |
|
Definition
| Intensive green / vegetated roof |
|
|
Term
| popular plants in vegetated roofs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Waterless human waste
receptacle which uses aerobic digestion to
break down wastes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Vault type composting toilet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Conveys waste and sewage
from all plumbing fixtures
to an approved or
“acceptable” disposal
location. |
|
|
Term
| slope to move waste water |
|
Definition
slope must not be less than 1/4” per foot for small
lines, or less than 1/8” per foot for larger lines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a device used to provide a water seal at the outlet of a plumbing fixture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a device used to ventilate piping and break siphonage of water out of traps |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Used for drain, waste, or vent piping |
|
|
Term
| What sections are MEEB are used to size sewage systems |
|
Definition
Table 20.2: Drainage Fixture Units
Table 20.3: Size of Fixture Branches and Stacks
Table 20.4: Size of Vent Stacks |
|
|
Term
| what determines sizing for sewage systems |
|
Definition
The number and type of fixtures being served
The DFU for each fixture
The number of branches feeding the pipe
Max vent length |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Screening, settling of solids and anaerobic digestion of
organic material |
|
|
Term
| Secondary sewage treatment |
|
Definition
| Aerobic digestion and filtration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Any other treatment required to allow effluent to be discharged to
the ecosystem. Often includes chlorination and / or UV treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
On-site / Decentralized
vs
Centralized |
|
|
Term
| On-site / Decentralized sewage treatment |
|
Definition
Sewage is treated
at or near the location where it is created.
Often this is primary or primary +
secondary treatment. |
|
|
Term
| Centralized sewage treatment |
|
Definition
Sewage is collected and treated
at a single large facility, usually primary,
secondary and tertiary treatment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
An onsite primary
and secondary sewage treatment
system, typically in residential
projects |
|
|
Term
| CSO (Combined sewer overflow) |
|
Definition
When sanitary
sewage and stormwater overload a collection
system after a rain event and are discharge,
untreated, into a water body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Primary treatment – sedimentation tank
Aeration tanks
Ducts supply air to aeration tanks
Final settling
Chlorination
Sludge dewatering
Sludge incineration
Effluent just before release to Niagara river |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Shaper of architectural form and use of space |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the flow of
electrons, measured in amps |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the opposition
to the flow of electrons,
measured in Ohms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The voltage in an
electrical circuit is equal to the
current times the resistance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| voltage = current x Resistance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The rate at which energy is consumed, measured in watts for electricity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| voltage(V) x amperage (I) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| voltage (volts) x current (amps) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
An electric current flowing through a conductor generates a magnetic field.
Moving a conductor in a magnetic field can establish an electric current |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Current which moves in one direction in a wire.
Sources include batteries, DC generators, equipment power supplies (AC to
DC converters), and photovoltaic cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Current which continually reverses direction. In the US, this happens
at a rate of 60 cycles per second. (60 Hz) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A device which changes electric voltage by creating two distinct electric currents;
conductors from each are wrapped around a metal core. The voltage change will be
proportional to the number of windings of each circuit around a metal core |
|
|
Term
| Advantages of AC over DC transmission |
|
Definition
Long distance power transmission
Three phase AC can handle more
power
AC motors have a simpler construction
(don’t require brushes)
Three phase AC motors don’t require
special starting equipment |
|
|
Term
| Advantages of DC over AC transmission |
|
Definition
Electricity must be generated near the
point of use
A typical byproduct (steam) of
electricity production could be
harnessed easily. (ie Combined Heat
and Power or CHP, or co-generation)
Greater source energy conversion
efficiencies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A typical
electrical service for residential
and small commercial buildings.
A pole-mounted transformer
steps voltage down and splits into
single phase |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Electricity
is brought to the building via
underground ducts. Usually the
customer has to install the
underground service, not the
utility. Transformer may be
outside or inside |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
device provided by the electrical utility to measure and
record electricity usage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A set of fuses or circuit breakers that control the circuit loading
in a building. This provides a central distribution point for a whole building, a
floor, or a part of a floor |
|
|
Term
| types of electric conduit |
|
Definition
| rigid / electrical metallic tubing / flexible metal conduit ("flex") / sheathed wire ("romex") |
|
|
Term
| Ground fault (circuit) interrupter (GFCI or GFI) |
|
Definition
Short circuit protection device
which detects a continual loss to ground, even when the power is shut off. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Technology that produce electricity through direct conversion of incident
solar radiation. PVs produce direct current (DC) electricity, which can be used for DC loads,
stored in a battery, or converted to alternating current (AC) for use with conventional
appliances or connection to the grid. PV modules are typically .08 - .15 sf per watt. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Technology that converts incident solar radiation into heat, typically hot
water or a working fluid. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Technology that produces electricity through translation of kinetic energy into
electrical energy |
|
|
Term
| Common organizational elements of active solar systems |
|
Definition
| Collection/ Storage/ Transformation/ Delivery/ Load/ |
|
|
Term
Collection: a means to gather solar energy as
thermal or electrical energy |
|
Definition
Solar panel, solar thermal
collector, wind turbine |
|
|
Term
[Storage]: a means to hold electrical or thermal
energy |
|
Definition
Batteries, DHW tank,
electrical grid |
|
|
Term
[Transformation]: a means to convert electrical
or thermal energy into a more useful form |
|
Definition
| Inverter, absorption chiller |
|
|
Term
| Delivery: a means to serve the load required |
|
Definition
| Electrical / HVAC equipment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the work required of a system |
|
|
Term
| Standalone / Off-grid PV System |
|
Definition
A PV system which has no
connection to electric utilities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A PV system which is connected to the electric utility; the
grid serves as “storage” for the electricity generated. An inverter is required
to transform the panels’ DC current to the grid’s AC current |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
excess electricity
generated flows to the grid, offsetting electricity consumed by the customer
at a different time |
|
|
Term
| Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) |
|
Definition
A PV system with cells /
modules incorporated as a integral part of the building envelope |
|
|
Term
| Why is unobstructed area important? |
|
Definition
| Cells are hardwired in series in a module, and modules are wired in series in a string. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Peak Kilowatt hours; used to express the
peak power capacity of a PV array. Assume .08
- .15 ft2 of panels per W of peak output |
|
|
Term
Peak Kilowatt hours; used to express the
peak power capacity of a PV array. Assume .08
- .15 ft2 of panels per W of peak output |
|
Definition
Cut from a
single crystal of silicon, these cells have a
smooth texture, and require a rigid frame.
They are the most efficient and the most
expensive.
15-20% efficiency |
|
|
Term
| Polycrystalline silicon cells |
|
Definition
Cut from a block
of silicon, these have a speckled appearance,
and also require a rigid frame. Less efficient,
and less expensive.
12-17% efficiency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A thin film of noncrystalline
silicon is applied to a wide range of
surfaces, which need not be rigid. Can create
energy in low light conditions. Much less
expensive.
5-7% efficiency |
|
|
Term
| Non-silicon thin-film cells |
|
Definition
(CdTe, CUS, CIGS,
organic): A thin film of non-silicon materials
applied to a substrate, which need not be
rigid.
~8-13% efficiency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rows of vacuum-sealed
glass tubes, each with an antifreeze-filled absorber
tube. Achieves high T and high efficiencies. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A thin panel with a glass cover
containing tubes of either water or an antifreeze.
Produces lower temperatures and is less efficient ,
but more cost effective. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pwind = Power generated by wind
ρ = density of air
V = velocity of wind
A = Swept area of the turbine |
|
|
Term
| Objectives of Fire Safety |
|
Definition
1. Protection of life
2. Protection of building
3. Protection of contents
4. Continuity of operation |
|
|
Term
Design Hierarchy for Smoke and Fire
Protection |
|
Definition
1. Basic fire resistance + egress
2. Smoke management
3. Fire suppression systems |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the corridor leading
from an occupied space to an exit. Must
be at least 44” or 60” clear width
(depends on # occupants). Typ 1-hour
rating. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The protected vertical or
horizontal path leading to the outside. Typ
2-hour rating. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The horizontal path leading
from the exit enclosure to the outside. Typ
2-hour rating. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A horizontal path that is
protected like a fire stair, used to preserve
continuity of enclosure for a fire stair which
shifts laterally. (Typ 2-hour rating.) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The way out must be separated by a distance not less than onehalf
the diagonal of a room (with occupancy greater than 50 people) or floor. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a corridor which does not have two means of egress (Limited by code.) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the length of travel which does not present two independent means of
egress to the occupant. This may include travel on a dead-end corridor. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Theoretically secure and
protected areas where people with mobility
impairments can wait to be evacuated by
firefighters.
Typically within a 2-hour rated enclosure. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A stair where the path of travel
first passes by an opening to the outside, or through a
shaft which is naturally or mechanically ventilated |
|
|
Term
| Strategies for designing for smoke |
|
Definition
1. Confinement
2. Dilution / Exhaust
3. Pressurization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Strategies which provide additional protection for occupants in
the VERY early stages of fire, especially in an open plan building |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Strategies which attempt to remove smoke from the building
quickly, to prevent it from descending into the occupants’ breathing zone |
|
|
Term
| forms of water suppression |
|
Definition
water
sprinklers
water-free |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pipes are filled with water, which is released locally when
heat from a fire causes the sprinkler head to open |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pipes are filled with air, so when heat causes the sprinkler
head to open there is a delay until water can get through the pipes to the
location. Used in areas subject to freezing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| water-free fire suppression |
|
Definition
Intumescent materials
cementitious materials3
halon gases
foams
CO2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Technologically Enabling the High-rise City |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| spring-activated braking mechanism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The most widely used, safest form of public transportation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cage of fire-resistant material
supported on a frame, which is attached to
either lifting cables (traction) or plunger |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
A motor and pulley system
which raises and lowers the elevator cab and
counterweight. Usually located above the cab,
but also possibly below or alongside cab.
(Traction only) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cut steel plates stacked in a
frame which balances the work of the elevator
machine in a traction elevator. Usually equal to
the empty weight of the car + 40%.
(Traction only) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Rails on the edges of the hoistway/
shaft which control the movement of the cab
and / or the counterweight |
|
|
Term
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Definition
The vertical passage way
for cab and / or counterweights.
(Traction and hydraulic) |
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Term
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Definition
The room, usually directly above
the hoistway, containing the elevator machine and
controls. (Traction only) |
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Term
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Definition
Space below the lowest level served
which allows for maintenance |
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Term
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Definition
Cable-supported
elevators which pull the cab using an
elevator machine. |
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Term
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Definition
Piston-supported
elevators which push the cab using an
plunger and pump system |
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Term
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Definition
Uses gears to
adjust the ratio between the actual
motor revolutions and the rotation of
the elevator pulley |
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Term
| gearless traction machine |
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Definition
The pulley is
connected directly to the motor shaft.
• Higher speed
• Usually for buildings over ~15-20 stories.
• More expensive |
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Term
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Definition
an enforceable body of
rules which governs the design,
construction, alterations or repair
of buildings
•Clear and unwavering –
enforceable to the letter
•Sets minimum standard of
performance |
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Term
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Definition
An outline of a series of options for performance of building systems and assemblies.
•Are often referenced by code, but are not strictly enforceable because of the provision for
multiple paths to compliance.
•Codes may reference specific options in standards for compliance |
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Term
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Definition
| The ASHRAE standard governing the design of high-performance green buildings. |
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Term
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Definition
Third-party verified evaluation and labeling of a product, system
or a whole building.
•Historically used for things like fire safety ratings of materials, which were then referenced by codes.
Set criteria for construction and performance, not minimums. (“Carrot”, not
“stick”.)
Unlike safety ratings, green building rating systems are intended to be voluntary |
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Term
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Definition
40-49 points = certified
50-59 points = silver
60-79 points = gold
80+ points = platinum |
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Term
| areas of performance for LEED |
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Definition
sustainable sites
water efficiency
energy and atmosphere
materials and resources
indoor environmental quality |
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Term
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Definition
Not very challenging
Expensive, slow, confusing, unwieldy
Predicted, not measured performance
General: not very place-specific
Prescriptive: modest innovation |
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Term
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Definition
Clear benchmarks / thresholds
Clear signal to the real estate market
Improvements to the system over time
Some basis of comparison for projects
Measurable impacts over its tenure |
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Term
| Explicit goal for the future of LEED |
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Definition
| Documented net-zero environmental impact |
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Term
| EUI (Energy use intensity): |
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Definition
The total annual energy consumption of a building, divided by its
square footage. Measured in thousands of BTUs per square foot (kBTU/sf) |
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