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POS 301
Chapter 3
15
Political Studies
Undergraduate 3
02/16/2009

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Term
Antecedent variable
Definition
An independent variable that precedes other independent variables in time
Term
Arrow diagram
Definition
a pictorial representation of a researcher's explanatory scheme
Term
Cross-Level Analysis
Definition
the use of data at one level of aggregation to make inferences at another level of aggregation
Term
Dependent variable
Definition
the phenomenon thought to be influenced, affected, or caused by some other phenomenon
Term
directional hypothesis
Definition
a hypothesis that specifies the expected relationship between two or more variables
Term
ecological fallacy
Definition
the fallacy of deducing a false relationship between the attributes or behavior of individuals based on observing that relationship for groups to which individuals belong
Term
ecological inference
Definition
the process of inferring a relationship between charateristics of individuals based on group or aggregate data
Term
hypothesis
Definition
a tentative or provisional or unconfirmed statement that can (in principle) be verified
Term
Independent variable
Definition
the phenomenon thought to influence, affect, or cause some other phenomenon
Term
intervening variable
Definition
a variable coming between an independent variable and a dependent variable in an explanatory scheme
Term
negative relationship
Definition
a relationship in which the values of one variable increase as the values of another variable decrease
Term
Positive relationship
Definition
a relationship in which the values of one variable increase or decrease as the values of another variable increase of decrease
Term
relationship
Definition

the association, dependence, or covariance of the values of one variable with the values of another variable

Term
Tautology
Definition
A hypothesis in which the independent and dependent variables are identical, making it impossible to disconform
Term
unit of analysis
Definition
the type of actor (individual, group, institution, nation) specified in a researcher's hypothesis
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