Term
| what are occlusal surfaces? |
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Definition
| chewing surfaces of the posterior teeth |
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Term
| what is an Occlusal Examination? |
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Definition
| Intraoral radiographic used to inspect large areas of the maxilla or mandible. |
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Term
| what size film would you use on an Adult while taking a Occlusal radiograph? |
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Definition
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Term
| what size film would you use on a pedo patient for occlusal radiographs? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are occlusal techniques used to view? |
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Definition
-Large areas of the maxilla or mandible.
-preferred when area of interest is larger than a PA film or when placement of PA radiograph is too difficult for the patient. |
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Term
| what is the Purpose and use of Occlusal Radiographs (to locate what)? |
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Definition
-Examine Large areas of the upper or lower jaw
-Located retained root tips of extracted teeth
-Locate supernumerary, unerupted or impacted teeth
-Locate salivary stones in the duct of the submandibular gland
-Locate and evaluate cysts, tumors in the maxilla and mandible. |
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Term
| what are things that can be examined and evaluated from occlusal radiographs? |
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Definition
-evaluate the boundaries of the maxillary sinus as well as fractures of the maxilla or mandible
-Aid in the examination of patients with limitations in opening their mouths
-Examine a cleft palate
-Measure changes in the size and shape of the maxilla and mandible |
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Term
| which side of the occlusal film faces the arch to be exposed? |
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Definition
| white side facing arch to be exposed |
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Term
| where is the receptor for Occlusal radiograph placed? |
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Definition
| in mouth between the occlusal surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular teeth. |
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Term
| how is the receptor stabilized? |
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Definition
| when the patient occludes down |
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Term
| what is the preparation before taking the occlusal radiographs? |
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Definition
1. explain procedure to patient
2. position patient upright in the chair
3. Adjust the headrest to support and position the patients head
4. Remove all objects from the mouth
5. place led apron with thyroid collar on patient |
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Term
| what equipment is needed to take occlusal radiographs? |
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Definition
| standard dental x-ray unit |
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Term
| On Maxillary arch, what is a topographic projection? |
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Definition
| examine the palate and the anterior teeth of the maxilla |
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Term
| On maxillary arch, what is a lateral (left or right) Projection? |
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Definition
| Examine the palatal roots of the molar teeth |
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Term
| On Maxillary arch, what is a Pediatric Projection? |
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Definition
-Examine tha anterior teeth of the Maxilla
-recommended, Children 5 yrs old or younger |
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Term
| On mandibular arch, what is a Topographic Projection? |
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Definition
| Examine the anterior teeth of the mandible |
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Term
| On the mandibular arch, what is a Cross-sectional Projection? |
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Definition
| Examine the buccal and lingual aspects of the mandible. |
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Term
| On the Mandibular Arch, what is a Pediatric Projection? |
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Definition
-Examine the anterior teeth of the mandible
- recommended in children 5 years old or younger |
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Term
| what is the Vertical Angulation of a Max. Topographic, Maxillary Lateral & Maxillary Pediatric Projection? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the vertical angulations for Mandibular Topographic, Cross-sectional & Pediatric Projections? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the 4 steps to taking a Maxillary Topographic Occlusal? |
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Definition
1. Occlusal receptor long edge side to side
2. Maxillary arch parallel to floor
3. CR +65 degrees to plane of receptor, directed toward center of receptor
4. Top edge of PID between eyebrows and brig of nose |
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Term
| What are the 4 steps to taking a Maxillary Lateral Occlusal RAD? |
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Definition
| 1.Maxillary arch parallel to the floor 2. Edge of receptor extends 1/2 inch beyond buccal surfaces of posterior 3. CR +60 degrees to plane of receptor, directed toward center of receptor and H > directed thru contacts of interest 4. Top edge PID is above corner of eyebrow |
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Term
| What are the 5 steps in taking Maxillary Pediatric Occlusal RAD? |
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Definition
1. Maxillary arch is parallel to floor
2. size 2 receptor used
3. CR +60 degrees to plane of receptor directed toward the center of receptor
4. Top edge of PID between eyebrows and bride of nose
5. Examines anterior teeth |
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Term
| 4 Steps to taking a Mandibular Topographic Occlusal RAD? |
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Definition
1. Mandibular arch is parallel to floor
2. Position Occlusal receptor
3. CR -55 degrees to plane of receptor, directed toward center of film
4. PID centered over chin |
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Term
| what are the 3 steps when taking Mandibular Cross Sectional RAD? |
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Definition
1. Recline patient to position mandibular arch perpendicular to floor
2. CR 90 degrees to the plane of receptor, directed towards center of receptor
3. PID directed thru midline, 1 inch below chin |
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Term
| what are the 5 steps when taking Mandibular Pediatric Occlusal RAD? |
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Definition
1. mandibular arch is parallel to floor
2. Size 2 film is used
3. CR directed at -55 degree to plane of receptor
4. PID centered over chin
5. Examines anterior teeth |
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Term
| what relationship does a Radiograph show? |
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Definition
| show the superior/Inferior aspect and anterior/posterior relationships. |
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Term
| what can radiographs not depict? |
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Definition
| the depth (buccal/Lingual aspect) of the object |
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Term
| what are Localization Techniques used for? |
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Definition
| to determine the location of an object |
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Term
| what are some things that the localization technique is used to find? |
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Definition
-Foreign bodies
-Impacted teeth
-unerupted teeth
-root positions
-salivary stones
- jaw fractures
-broken needles and instruments
-restorative materials |
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Term
| what are the 2 Localization techniques? |
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Definition
- Buccal Object Rule
-Right angle technique (Miller's Rule) |
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Term
| what is the point of the Buccal Object Rule? |
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Definition
| it determines if object is positioned Lingual or Buccal |
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Term
| what does SLOB stand for? |
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Definition
| Same on Lingual, Opposite on Buccal |
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Term
| How does the Buccal object rule work? |
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Definition
determines the orientation of structures portrayed using two radiographs exposed at different angulations
1st image using proper technique and angulation
2nd image is exposed after changing the direction of Tubehead |
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Term
| using the SLOB technique how can you tell where the object is? |
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Definition
If the object moves the same way the tubehead was moved in the second image, it is on the Lingual.
If the object moves the opposite way the tubehead was shifted in the second image, it is on the Buccal. |
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Term
| what does the Right Angle Technique (Miller's Rule) Require? |
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Definition
| 2 Radiographs, 1PA and 1 Occlusal |
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Term
| what are the steps for Miller's Rule? |
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Definition
1. Expose one PA film using proper technique and angulation (shows superior/inferior and anterior-posterior relationship)
2. An Occlusal radiograph is exposed directing the central ray perpendicular to the receptor (show buccal/lingual relationship)
3. Compare both radiographs to locate the object in three dimensions |
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