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Population Terms
Vocabulary regarding population and human growth
22
Geography
9th Grade
10/16/2008

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Term
Demography
Definition
the study of populations
Term
natural increase
Definition
the growth rate of a population
Term
zero population growth
Definition
when birth rate and death rate are equal
Term
fertility rate
Definition
ratio of live births in an area to its population, expressed per 1000 people/year
Term
infant mortality rate
Definition
number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1000 live births
Term
life expectancy
Definition
number of years a person is expected to live based on statistics
Term
examples of negative population growth
Definition
Japan, Germany, Hungary
Term
population distribution
Definition
uneven pattern of human settlement
Term
population density
Definition
average number of people living on a square mile or square km of land
Term
migration
Definition
movement of people from place to place
Term
urbanization
Definition
growth of city populations, caused by jobs and prosperity
Term
refugees
Definition
people who flee to another country to escape persecution/disaster
Term
child mortality rate
Definition
number of deaths of children ages 1-5 per 1,000 children
Term
Periods of rapid population growth
Definition
Neolithic Revolution, Industrial Revolution, Medical Revolution
Term
Examples of population devastation
Definition
Huang He River--Great Flood
India famine
China famine
Influenza epidemic
Bubonic plague
Bangladeshi cyclone
Term
Deomgraphic transition model: Stage 1
Definition
High Stationary
Birth rate=High
Death rate=High
Natural Increase-stable, slow
Examples-remote groups
Time period-before Neolithic Revolution
Term
Deomgraphic transition model: Stage 2
Definition
Early Expanding
Birth rate=high
Death rate=rapidly falling
Natural Increase-rapid
Examples-India, Egypt, Kenya
Time Period= during Industrial Revoluation
Term
Deomgraphic transition model: Stage 3
Definition
Late Expanding
Birth rate=Falling rapidly
Death rate=falling slowly
Natural Increase-slower
Examples-China, Brazil
Time period-modern medicine
Term
Deomgraphic transition model: Stage 4
Definition
Low Stationary
Birth rate=low
Death rate=low
Natural Increase-approaching zero population growth
Examples-US, Netherlands, UK
Term
Deomgraphic transition model: Stage 5
Definition
Declining
Birth rate=very low
Death rate=low
Natural Increase=negative population growth
Examples-Germany, Russia, Italy, Japan
Term
carrying capacity
Definition
maximum number of people who can be supported at a sustainable level in an area
Term
overpopulation
Definition
Earth's long-term carrying capacity
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