Age-sex Distribution

Arithmatic Density

A model used in population geography that describes the ages and number of males and females within a given population

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The number of people living in a given unit area.

Baby Boom

Baby Bust

A cohort of individuals born in the U.S b/w 1946 and 1964, just after WWII.

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Period of time during the 1960s and 70s when fertility rates in the U.S dropped.

Carrying Capacity

Census Tract

The largest number of people that the environment of a particular are can support.

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Small county subdivision, containing b/w 2,500 and 8,000 persons.

Chain Migration

Child Mortaliy Rate

The migration event in which individuals follow the migratory path of preceding friends or family.

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Number of deaths per thousand within the first five years of life.

Cohort

Cotton Belt

A population group identified by a specific common characteristic.

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The term by which the American South used to be know, as cotton historically dominated the agricultural economy of the region.

Crude Death Rate

Demographic Accounting Equation

the # of deaths per year per 1,000 people

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an equation that summarizes the amount of growth or decline in a populaion within a country during a particular time period taking into account both natural increase and net migration.

Demographic transition model

demography

a sequence of demographic changes in which a country moves from high birth & death rates to low birth and death rates thru time.

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the study of human populations, including their temporal and spatial dynamics.

Dependency ratio

doubling time

the ratio of the # of people who are either too old or young to provide for themselves to the # of people who must support them thru their own labor.

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time period required for a population experiencing exponential growth to double in size completely.

Emigration

Exponential Growth

the process of moving out of a particular country, usually the individual person's country of origin.

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growth that occurs when a fixed % of new people is added to a population each year. it is a compound bc the fixed growth rate applies to an ever increasing population.

Forced migration

Generation X

the migration event in which individuals are forced to leave a country against their will.

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a term coined by the artist and author Douglas Coupland to describe people born in the U.S. between the years 1965 & 1980. this generation will have to support the baby boom cohart as they head into their retirement years.

Geodemography

immigration

a division of human geography concerned with spatial variations in distribution, composition, growth, and movements of population.

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the process of individuals moving into a new country with the intentions of remaining there.

physiologic density

population density

a ratio of human population to the area of cropland, used in LDCs dominated by subsistance agriculture.

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a measurement of the # of persons per unit land area.

population geography

population pyramid

a division of human geography concerned with spatial variations in distribution, composition. growth, and movements of population.

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a model used in population geo. to show the age and sex distribution of a particular population.

pull factors

push factors

attractions that draw migrants to a certain place, such as a pleasant climate and employment or educational opportunities.

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incentives for potential migrants to leave a place, such as a harsh climate, economic recession, or political turmoil.

refugees

rust belt

people who leave their home bc they are forced out, not bc they are being officially relocated or enslaved.

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the northern industrial states of the U.S., in which heavy industry was once the dominant economic activity. in the 1960s, 1970s, & 1980s, these states lost much of their economic base to economically attractive regions of the U.S. and to countries where labor was cheaper, leaving old machinery to rust in the moist northern climate.

Sun belt

total fertility rate

U.S. region, mostly comprised of southern and southwestern states which has grown most dramatically sicne WW II.

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the average # of children born to a woman during her childbearing years.

voluntary migration

zero population growth

movement of an individual who conciously and voluntarily decides to locate to a new area-the opposite of forced migration.

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proposal to end population growth thru a variety of official and nongovernmental family planning programs.