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POPS
Physiological Fate of Administered Drugs
21
Chemistry
Undergraduate 1
09/18/2011

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Term
drug administration methods
Definition
-oral
-rectal
-percutaneous
-intravenous
-intramuscular
-intrathecal (CSF)
-inhalation
Term
drug absorption
Definition
-biopharmaceutics
-process by which a drug diffuses away from dosage and into circulation
-dependent on chemical properties of drug, dosage form, and biological fluids
Term
bioavailability
Definition
-(bioequivalence)how much of an administered dose reaches systemic circulation
Term
body fluids
Definition
-60% of body weight
-intracellular fluids
-extracellular fluids
-transcellular fluids
Term
intracellular fluids
Definition
-36% total body weight
-variable pH
Term
extracellular fluids
Definition
-blood plasma in capillaries,arteries, veins
-pH 7.4
-interstitial fluid between cells
Term
transcellular fluids
Definition
-CSF, synovial, ocular, digestive
Term
factors affecting bioavailability
Definition
-properties of dosage form (disintegration/dissolution)
-blood flow rate
-capillary permeability
Term
capillary permeability
Definition
-transcapillary transport
-continuous or discontinuous
-large P can pass more easily
Term
drug distribution and transport
Definition
-PK
-process by which drug is transported from systemic circulation into microvasculature and back out again
Term
transport is dependent on
Definition
-capillary permeability
-drug solubility
-molecular size/shape
-environment
Term
most drugs are transported by
Definition
-passive transcellular diffusion
-facilitated (carrier mediated) diffusion
-active transport
-efflux proteins
Term
passive transcellular diffusion
Definition
-requires concentration gradient
-can also occur through hydrophillic channels in the cell membrane
Term
passive diffusion rate of transport depends on
Definition
-magnitude of concentration gradient
-SA of membrane
-diffusion coefficient
-partition coefficient
Term
facilitated diffusion (carrier mediated)
Definition
-protein carriers transport cell building blocks
-ex. GLUT1
-still requires concentration gradient
-can be inhibited
Term
facilitated diffusion dependent on
Definition
-magnitude of concentration gradient
-number of transport proteins
-affinity between drug and protein
Term
active transport
Definition
-requires a transport protein
-against concentration gradient using ATP
-can transport more than 1 substance
-responsible for transport of certain drugs into urine
Term
efflux proteins
Definition
-energy driven process designed to pump substances out of cells
-MDRs responsible for resistance
Term
MDR
Definition
-multidrug resistance
Term
endogenous substances
Definition
-drugs may mimic these
-ex. neurotransmitters or hormones
Term
drug metabolism
Definition
-biotransformation
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