Term
| When was Niccolo Machiavelli born? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is there use of scripture, and religion in Machiavelli? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which medieval political theory did Machiavelli not use? |
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Definition
| Religious Christian Virtue theories. |
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Term
| Which political theorist defied the intellectual assumptions of Christian Europe? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Machiavelli say about fear and love? |
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Definition
| "it would be best to be both loved and feared. But since the two rarely come together, anyone compelled to choose will find greater security in being feared than in being loved.” |
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Term
| Who advised politicians to treat everyone as a potential assassin? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the Machiavellian axioms? |
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Definition
1. Better to be feared than loved.
2. Treat all as potential assassins.
3. Fake friendliness. |
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Term
| As advised in the Prince, what assumption regarding human nature should princes always act on? |
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Definition
| The universality of human wickedness, even if people are sometimes good. |
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Term
| Machiavelli's political philosophy ignored Christian virtue. But was Machiavelli himself Christian? |
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Definition
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Term
| In the Prince, one a prince conquers a new land what are the 3 distinct groups that his new subjects can be separated into? |
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Definition
1.Those who remain loyal to the old prince.
2. Those who expect gifts for their help.
3. Those fearful of losing their power. |
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Term
| In The Prince, what must a prince do when he takes power? |
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Definition
| Kill his enemies quickly then gradually reward the rest. |
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Term
| What should a prince do regarding taxes? |
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Definition
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Term
| What should a new prince do with the ancient laws? |
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Definition
| Leave as much of the old law in place as he can. |
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Term
| A prudent prince should regard his new people as what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Machiavelli think of mercenaries? |
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Definition
| They are a menace in both peace and war. |
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Term
| What sort of army would a smart prince use? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why should a prince use a citizen militia to fight his wars? |
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Definition
| The members of the militia will feel the glow of winning. They will feel partners with the prince. |
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Term
| In the prince, should new subjects feel more and more repressed? |
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Definition
| No. They should feel more and more like real citizens. |
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Term
| What did Machiavelli hope to happen in Italy? |
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Definition
| A prince would conquer and unify all of Italy. |
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Term
| For Machiavelli, what was the obstacle stopping Italian unification? |
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Definition
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Term
| What political event is Rousseau blamed for causing? |
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Definition
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Term
| For Rousseau, what is the origin of inequality? |
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Definition
| Society and the invention of private property. |
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Term
| For Rousseau, why was law created? |
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Definition
| To protect the property of the wealthy. |
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Term
| What is the purpose of Rousseau's The Social Contract? |
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Definition
| To find a form of human association in which the members are as free as they were in a state of nature. |
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Term
| Does Rousseau beleive that it is possible to return to the state of nature? |
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Definition
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Term
| For Rousseau, what is the problem of creating a new society regarding self interest? |
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Definition
| A way must be found for men to pursue their self-interest without dividing themselves off from their fellow man. |
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Term
| For Rousseau, pursuit of one's own self interest is.. |
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Definition
| not free choice and is inequality. |
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Term
| Who said "Man was born free; and everywhere he is in chains"? |
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Definition
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Term
| Rousseau claimed that a perfect society would be controlled by the... |
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Definition
| General Will of its population. |
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Term
| Rousseau beleived that every law the people has not ratified in person... |
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Definition
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Term
| What did Marx claim would happen to history after the proletarian revolution? |
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Definition
| It would start the begining of a new history, truly human history. |
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Term
| What is pre-history, for Marx? |
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Definition
| All history before the proletarian revolution, the history of man's exploitation of man. |
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Term
| For Marx, modern technology and methods of production should be doing what...? |
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Definition
| Freeing men from scarcity. Instead, capitalists create false scarcity. |
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Term
| For Marx, the bourgeois stat is the guarantor of an enforced...? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the state for Marx? |
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Definition
| The organ of class repression. |
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Term
| According to Marx, when the proletariat universalizes itself, leaving only one class, there is no need for what? |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Marx, a class without another class exploiting it is not a class at all. What is it? |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Marx, though the state with wither away with the end of class, there still must be what? |
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Definition
| A degree of regulation to organise large scale production. |
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Term
| According to Marx, how does history move. |
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Definition
| History moves dialectically. |
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Term
| According to Marx,what is prehistory? |
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Definition
| The history of class struggle. |
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Term
| According to Marx, the history of all hitherto existing society is the history of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Marx, class struggle becomes more easily recognisable as what? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The enlightenments effect on religion. God exists and is the architect of the universe and created it. period. |
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Term
| What political inovations are the anabaptists responsible for? |
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Definition
| separation of church and state, pacifism. |
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Term
| According to Marx, what are the four stages in the historical division of labor? |
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Definition
| 1. Tribal 2.Citizens and Slaves 3. Feudalism 4.Capitalism |
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Term
| According to Marx, Capitalism is destined to what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What book is the begining of modern political theory? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Machiavelli's defenition of politics? |
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Definition
| Politics are the way things are, not the way things ought to be. |
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Term
| According to Machiavelli, politics must be separated from what? |
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Definition
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Term
| For Machiavelli, what it an end in itself? |
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Definition
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Term
| For Machiavelli, the ruler did not have to be moral. However, who did? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who said this quote? "Philosophers have only speculated about the world, the point, however, is to change it."? |
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Definition
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Term
| In what book does Marx criticize the capitalist system? |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Marx, what is the defining characteristic of man? |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Marx, what is the best life? |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Marx, what are the two stages of future communist development? |
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Definition
| Crude communism, then Real COmmunism |
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Term
| According to Rousseau, human desires multiply as... |
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Definition
| human societies become more sophisticated. |
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Term
| According to Rousseau, the popular notion of progress is nothing more than... |
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Definition
| getting stuck more deeply in unsatisfied desire. |
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Term
| According to Rousseau, equality only matters in what? |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Rousseau, the founder of civil society was... |
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Definition
| the first man to claim a peice of land. |
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Term
| According to Rousseau, law is... |
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Definition
| a fraud. used to protect the interests of the rich. |
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Term
| According to Rousseau, the aim of political theory is to devise a communal form of life in which... |
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Definition
| men have something equivalent to their freedom in the orgininal state of nature. |
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Term
| Rousseau seeked to bridge the divide between justice and self interest. What concept does he create to do this? |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Rousseau, a choice made on self interest cannot be... |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Rousseau, pursuit of one's own self-interest is simply another name for what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Rousseau's famous quote. "Man was born free... |
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Definition
| "Man was born free; and everywhere he is in chains." |
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Term
| According to Rousseau, true liberty can only be acheived by subordinating self interest to what? |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Rousseau, in order to be free, individuals must become... |
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Definition
| an indivisible part of the whole. |
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Term
| According to Rousseau, in order to be free, all must give up all their power to what... |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Rousseau, the General Will decides... |
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Definition
| what the arangements, including property arangements of society should be. |
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Term
| According to Rousseau, how is the General Will decided? |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Rousseau, forcing the minority to go along with the majority is... |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Rousseau, the minority can be coerced in the name of what? |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Rousseau, coercion of the minority is not coercion but... |
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Definition
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Term
| What is negative liberty? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is positive liberty? |
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Definition
| Tells you what to do. Controls instincts. |
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Term
| According to Rousseau, the General Will is needed to legislate for... |
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Definition
| the worse selfish part of individuals. |
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Term
| According to Rousseau, the sole judge of what is important is... |
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Definition
| the sovereign. The general will. |
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Term
| According to Rousseau, when numbers increase... |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Rousseau, representative government is... |
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Definition
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