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| African Union-Federation of States formed in 2002-Currently a political union, but in the future looks to become a Common Market and Military force |
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| Supreme Leader of Iran, President of Iran (1981-1989) |
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| Alliance of Builders of Islamic Iran (Abadgaran) |
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| Alliance of right-wing political parties mostly active in Iran. One of the two main political parties in Iran with President Ahamdinejad as its members |
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| Association of Southeast Asian Nations (Asean) |
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| A geo-political and economic organization of ten countries located in SouthEast Asia. Total pop-600 million, GDP-1.8 trillion |
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| Prime Minister of India three times, tested the nuclear bomb |
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| Bharatiya Janta Party (BJP) |
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| One of the two major political parties in India-second largest advocated Hindu nationalism and conservative social policies, self-reliance, free market policies...etc... |
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| A terrorist organization in Nigeria-Hause ethnic group-Islamic that seeks to establish Sharia founded in 2001 |
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| PRI (1988-1994)-Increased pace of privatizations, telephones, banks, mines, petrochemicals, government-owned Media, "National Solidarity Porgram" |
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| Won first general elections in 1951 under Nehru |
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| The Sinaloa Cartel, the Gulf Cartel, Tijuana Cartel, Los Zetas, Los Negros, La Familia Michocana, Beltran Leyva Cartel-Silver or Lead=either be paid off or be shot!! |
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| Cultural Revolution [China] |
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| (1966-1968)Red Guards organized to attack Bourgeoisie culture-Killed about half a million |
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| -Many second tier countries took on way too much debt in order to fund ISI. Mexico was a good example of this |
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| Consumer base shrinks, creates a viscous spiral, cannot get out of it because shoddy products |
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| Launched the "Beijing Spring" in order to crush remnants of the Cultural Revolution-began Chinese Reforms |
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| 36th and current president of Brazil |
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| Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) |
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| Founded in 1975 consists of 15 nations |
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| Type of Trade union-Common policies on freedom of movement, regulation of products, countries usually also have a common currency |
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Wages and employment
PRO-provides job which may not be otherwise available
CON: jobs that have come tended to be low wage and in poor working conditions |
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| Rural migration of more than 1 million people to RIO de Janiero has created massive shantytowns |
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| Preidente de mexico-declared a War on Drugs which has led to more than 40,000 deaths since 2007 |
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| Fernando Henrique Cardoso |
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| Plan Real (1994-to stabalize the Real) |
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| Foreign Direct Investment |
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| (FDI)-The owning or controlling of assets in a foreign country |
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| A type of trade zone described as free internal trade in goods |
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| General Secretary of the CCP |
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| Highest ranking offical in the Communist Party of China-essentially the leader of China |
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| The President of Jonathan-Christian from Eastern State |
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| Great Leap Forward (1958-1960) |
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Attempted to break the Stalinist industrialization model
killed as many as 20 million peeps |
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| Head of CCP-launched the first astronaut into space 2008, Olympics, delt with 2009 recession, 2nd largest economy in the world |
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| Congress Party (1966-77, 80-84)-she was Jawaharlal Nehru's only child-not related to Gandhi |
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| 1980-88 between Iran and Iraq ended in stalemate, but soured relations between the two countries for decades |
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| Lower House of the Indian Parliament (House of the People)-545 members, 530 elected proportionally |
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| First Term (2003-2006)-Promised to redistribute land to 400,000 families by 2007. 46/170 million Brazilians living on less than a dollar a day |
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| Iran's current president-in his second term, has vowed to wipe Israel "off the map" |
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| Unicameral Parliament of Iran-290 seats elected every 4 years |
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| Congress Party (1991-1996)-Large defecits accumulated and the IMF insisted on austerity measures, cut subsidies, targeted the Permit Raj |
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| Consists of Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay with Bolivia, Chile, Columbia, and Ecuador as associate members and Mexico as an observer |
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| Leader of the "Chicago School" of free-market economists-critic of Keynesianism, to break inflation you need recession |
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| Entails sharing a common currency-Think of the United States and the dollar |
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| President of Iran in 1997, reformist-bascially pushed out by Bush's declaring Iran part of the "Axis of Evil" |
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| Founded in 1939 to represent interests opposed to the centralized and anticlericalism of the PRI. Won when Vincente Fox was elected in 2000 |
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| term used to describe government policies aiming to promote free competition among business firm within the market |
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| Newly Industrilized Economies (NIEs) |
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| The Post WWII rapid growth of NIES (S. Korea, Taiwan, Singapore, Hong Kong) showed how valuable trade was |
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| Began as CUSFTA in 1988 between US-Canada-took effect 1994 |
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| Took power after the 1976 assassination of Gen. Murtala Muhammed during a failed coup attempt by pro-Gowon military-Held democratic elections in 1979 |
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| Iran, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Venezuela, Qatar, Indonesia, Libya, United Arab Emirates, Algeria, Nigeria, Ecuador, Gabon-control 80% of the world's oil |
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| UK, British Commonwealth, Continental Europe-proportional representation |
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| Paper investment, stocks, bonds, currency,etc...Between 1980 and 1995 value of world stock exchanges went up 970%+Liquid and provides capital for investment, -speculative |
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| Proportional Representation |
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| Multiparty systems, combined with presidential ism, may make it difficult to get a majority of votes |
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| Countries rich in oil or other profitable resources actually suffer from a "Paradox or Plenty" |
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| -Restrictive to women included segregation, hijab observance, morality police, and stoning-current law in Iran |
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| South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) |
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| Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, MAldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Afghanistan (Free trade in 2008) |
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| big chunk broken down into smaller chunks of work |
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| Won in April 2007 by a wide margin (controversial election)-Was the first time in Nigeria that one civilian government replaced another |
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| President of Mexico elected in 2000-Tried to get Mexico more engaged Internationally as well as reformed internally |
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Generalized policy of Western countries and institutions towards developing countries. Includes:
1) Fiscal Policy discipline
2) Redirection of public spending from subsidies
3) Tax subsidies
4) Interest rates that are market determined and positive
5) Competitive interest rates
6) Trade liberalization
7) Liberalization of inward FDI
8) Privitization of state enterprises
9) Deregulation
10) Legal security for property rigths |
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