Term
|
Definition
| The first presidential primary law |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| raising funds and grassroots campaigning in the year before the primaries |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| governors, current and former presidents and vice presidents, members of congress, and all members of the democratic national committee that help maintain party control in the presidential nomination process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the main teachers of partisanship |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| primaries generally have _____ turnout than in general elections |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "the main changes between the 1950's and today have been a decrease in the proportion of weak partisans combined with a big increase in the number of... |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small, temporary changes from normal party loyalty in election results |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the presidential candidate of the majority party wins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a move in loyalty from one party to the other that affects all age groups |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the more homogenous of the two groups, usually consists of family, coworkers, friends, and people you regularly encounter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the less homogenous of the two groups, usually groups you belong two, such as labor unions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the decennial process of re-drawing district lines for congressional and state legislative districts |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a benefit for group involvement that is based on social networking or social connectiveness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tangible rewards for activity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the sense of satisfaction recieved when promoting a certain issue or principle that matters to them |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drawing district lines in a way that maximizes one party's strength and disadvantages the other party |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ____ ballot was introduced in the 1890's to allow voters to vote more confidencially and they could now engage in split-ticket voting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 2002, created minimum federal standards for election administration and to give states money to upgrade voting machines |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a practice that consists of purchasing consumer data in order to identify and appeal to specific groups of voters |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| entities that seek to influence elections but don't have to register with FEC because they don't call for the election of a specific candidate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| favors a governing party can grant to supporters, such as contracts or preferred treatment in enforcing laws |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| issue-based activists that are motivated by purposive incentives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| party-loyal activists driven by material incentives, pragmatic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| phase of campaigning where candidates seek to target voters through canvassing, phone banks, mail, and email |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| political commercials that are not regulated by the FEC because they do not contain the terms "elect," "vote for," "support," or "oppose." |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| funds unregulated by the federal system, originally collected for "party building" at state or local level. |
|
|
Term
| political action committees (PAC) |
|
Definition
| political groups whose purpose is to raise and spend money to influence elections, registered with FEC |
|
|
Term
| bipartisan campaign reform act |
|
Definition
| 2002, banned soft money, limited hard money |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| supreme national authority for each of the two national parties |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| jobs awarded by a party based on party loyalty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the two national parties have branches that focus on electing members of that party to the U.S. house or senate. the committees are... |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ads that target specific demographics; target specialized or "niche" audiences |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| legal device used in the south to disenfranchise african americans in nominating candidates |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fail to complete the full ballot, possibly because citizens are uninformed to all offices on ballot |
|
|
Term
| majority-minority districts |
|
Definition
| Bush Sr. pushed southern states to redraw district lines to create ____ to increase african american representation in congress |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 13-17% of african american males have lost the right to vote because of... |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| legislators who vote against their party interest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| party assistants who tell members the party's position on bills, convince them to vote with the party, and keep a vote head count |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when one party votes one way on a bill and the opposing party votes the other way; this shows the congress's otes in aggregate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the degree to which legislators vote with the party's majority on an issue; individual legislator record. |
|
|
