Term
| What family is the polio virus in? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What does the poliovirus cause? |
|
Definition
| poliomyelitis, faccid paralysis |
|
|
Term
| What are the characteristics of the poliovirus? |
|
Definition
nonenveloped icosahedral capsid
ssRNA (+) genome |
|
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Term
| How many serotypes does the poliovirus have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is poliovirus spread? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the incubation period for poliovirus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What species are reservoirs for the polio virus? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| Where does poliovirus initially replicate? where does the virus first begin to appear? |
|
Definition
lymphoid tssue of pharynx and gut
Throat and Feces |
|
|
Term
| Where does the poliovirus secondarily spread to? |
|
Definition
| Blood, crosses blood-brain barrier to infect the CNS |
|
|
Term
| What causes motor neurons to be destroyed by the poliovirus? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| What do most polio infections present as? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What 3 types of disease can result from the poliovirus infection? |
|
Definition
Abortive Poliomyelitis
Aseptic meningitis
Paralytic poliomyelitis |
|
|
Term
| Which type of poliovirus disease has no CNS involvement? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of poliovirus disease causes 2-3 days of fever and stiff neck and limited CNS infection? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the symptoms of paralytic poliomyelitis? |
|
Definition
| febrile illness, lapse of symptoms, flaccid paralysis |
|
|
Term
| What is post-polio syndrome? |
|
Definition
| increasing weakness later in life |
|
|
Term
| T/F Risk of paralysis decreases with age |
|
Definition
| F - Risk increases with increased age of onset of disease |
|
|
Term
| Where can the poliovirus be isolated? |
|
Definition
| Stools, rectal swabs, throat swabs, CSF |
|
|
Term
| What agents are effective at inactivating the poliovirus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the poliovirus resistant to? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the advantages of the inactivated polio vaccine? |
|
Definition
| formalin-inactivation prevents reversion to virulence |
|
|
Term
| What are the disadvantages of the inactivated polio vaccine? |
|
Definition
3 SC injections
Protects against paralysis but does not prevent spread of wild virus |
|
|
Term
| What are the advantages of the live oral vaccine? |
|
Definition
Cheap
Oral administration
Trivalent - protects against paralysis and spread of all 3 serotypes |
|
|
Term
| What are the disadvantages of the live oral vaccine? |
|
Definition
| can revert and be shed into community |
|
|
Term
| Which Hepatitis viruses cause acute hepatitis only? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which Hepatitis viruses can cause chronic hepatitis that can lead to hepatocellular carcinoma? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the characteristics of the hepatitis A and E viruses? |
|
Definition
nonenveloped icosahedral capsid
ss RNA (+) genome |
|
|
Term
| How many serotypes does HAV have? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How is HAV spread? Where does it replicate? |
|
Definition
fecal-oral route
replicates in GI tract |
|
|
Term
| What is the incubation period of HAV? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does HAV spread after replication in the GI tract? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What marks the end of HAV virus shedding? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What hepatitis viruses are Enterically-Transmitted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What hepititis viruses are parenterally-transmitted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is HEV most prevalent? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F Humans are the only reservoir for HEV |
|
Definition
| F - Swine or other animal reservoirs |
|
|
Term
| What Hepatitis virus has a 15-20% fatality rate seen in pregnant women? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of hepatitis viruses have a preicteric phase that is abrupt with sharp fever? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which hepatitis viruses are more insidious with less fever? |
|
Definition
PT-hepatitis
HBV, HCV, HGV |
|
|
Term
| What are the symptoms for adults that acquire Hepatitis? |
|
Definition
Malaise
fever
upper right quadrant pain
diarrhea
jaundice
light-colored stool
dark urine |
|
|
Term
| What are the symptoms of hepatitis in a child? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How can HAV be distinguished from other hepatitis viruses? |
|
Definition
| ELISA that detects anti-HAV IgM |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Household contacts of infected person
International travelers
Persons living on American Indian Reservations |
|
|
Term
| During an outbreak of HAV who is at risk for contracting HAV? |
|
Definition
diners
day care center workers
gay men
IV drug users |
|
|
Term
| What allowed for a rapid decline in the last outbreak of HAV in the US? |
|
Definition
| Introduction of HAV vaccine |
|
|
Term
| What is the best control of HAV? |
|
Definition
| Hand washing for 10-20 sec with hot soapy water. |
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