Frustrative-Agressive-  discrimination is a form of aggression activated when an individual becomes frustrated

Authoritian-  discriminatory behavior is determined by personality trairts that involve reaction to authority

Normative-  individual holds prejudicial attitudes because of socialization

Economic-dominate groups discriminate to maintain economic and political advantages

Personal Responsibility and Work Oppertunity Act (1996)

welfare reform legistation, disentitled legal and illegal immigrants from social service benefits.

some still entitled, 1.  immigrant living in US for 10 years and paying into social security.2.  veterans who were not US citizens.

pattern of discrimination that is strongly entrenced in society.

discrimiatory behavior is determined by personality traits that involve reaction to authority

Left Wing

Keynesian economics

more government

social welfare programs

neo-liberal

Right wing

conservative

Addams Friedman economics

supply side econoics

less government, more privatized

1. attempt to analyze policy or program
2. understand policy is contex sensitive
3. employ rational methods of inquiry and analysis checks
4. succeeding analysis should have same conclusion
5. should have greatest benefit and least cost
6. should take into account unintended consequences
7. consider alternative policies and future resources
8. examine impact on other policies and overall public good

private organizations affecting public change

female leaders immobilized and trained

african american clergy formed

Charity Organization Societies

major provider of care to the destitute

started in 1870's

"friendly visitor"

purpose of friendly visitor was to instruct poor how to live better, less than generous

Settlement Houses

began in 1880's

houses in immigrant neghborhoods helped neighborhoods organize

pioneered reforms

wellbaby clinics

helped housing code, child labor and industrial safety industry

Voter registration

voter rights act reauthorization of 2006 extended federal oversight for specific state and local juristictions

cont'd to require bilingual voting material

there were too few voting polls in poor neighborhoods, long lines etc...

unable to meet basic needs

ie food clothing shelter

basic needs met, relative to standard of community

1. those making minimum wage or the "working" poor
2. the unemployed
3. those with poor health or occupational disability

1. Culture of Poverty theory
2. Eugenics & poverty theory
3. Radical school of poverty

poverty and poverty traits transmitted intergenerationally, a self perpetuating cycle, same wherever you go, characterized by hopelessness, indifference, apathy

poverty results from exploitation of ruling capitalist or dominant class, upperclass equals more reward, lower class equals denied resources

also called poverty threshold

official Federal poverty measure

used primarily for statistical purposes

1. excludes in-kind-benefits when counting family income
2. ignores cost of earning income when calculating net income
3. disreguards regional variation in cost-of-living(esp. housing and food)
4. ignores tax payments
5. ignores earned income tax credit

ppl who work but income falls at or below poverty line

1. Curative
2. alleviative
3. preventative

approach to combat poverty

aims to end poverty by helping poor by changing personal lives in environment

approach to combat poverty

public assistance programs that attempt to ease suffering

approach to combat poverty

social insurance programs, ex social security

social policy of bit by bit additions to the public infrastructure

upper, middle and lower class

a sum of money set aside that is held in trust by the gov't and used for retirement, death, disability, or unemployment