is the power to enforce laws, exact obedience and command.

To manage 

means to control and direct, to administer, and to take charge of. Managers must also support the development of individual responsibility.

Responsibility

means being answerable, liable or accountable.

Delegation, or transferring authority 

is a necessary and often difficult aspect of management because it requires placing trust in other to do the job as well as, or better than, the manager would do it.

Technical skills 

include all the procedures necessary to be a successful police officer: interviewing and interrogation, searching, arresting, and gathering evidence and so on.

Administrative skills 

include organizing, delegating and directing the work of others. Writing proposals, formulation work plans, establishing policies and procedures and developing budgets are also included.

Conceptual skills 

include the ability to problem solve, plan and see the big picture and how all the pieces within it fit. 

People skills 

include being able to communicate clearly, to motivate, to discipline appropriately and to inspire. Working effectively with managers up the chain of commands, as well as with the general public are also included.

 developed and is credited with first using the term management by objectives (MBO) in the early 1950s.

of TQM is zero defects.

the trait theorists, examined the individual. They looked at leaders in industry and government to determine what special characteristics or traits these people possessed.

which treats employees as the organization’s most valuable asset.

.

which a leader cannot simply tell people they are empowered and expect them to instantly know how to perform.

 Laissez

Faire Leadership implies nonintervention and is almost a contradiction in terms. Let everything run itself without direction from the leader, who exerts little or no control.

Managers make decisions without participant input; completely authoritative, showing little or no concern for subordinates.

Looks at establishing the relationship between the group and the leader.

Dispersed Leadership  

The 21^st century trend to not tie leadership to rank, but rather to instill leadership qualities throughout the department.

Initiating Structure 

Influencing, working with and through individuals and groups to accomplish a common goal.

Management by Objectives (MBO) 

Involves managers and subordinates setting goals and objectives together and then tracking performance to ensure that the objectives are met.

Over supervising, providing oversight with excessive control and attention to details better left to the operational personnel.

 –

– A flexible, participatory, science-based structure that will accommodate change; designed for effectiveness in serving the needs of citizens rather than the autocratic rationality of operation; the opposite of the mechanistic model.

 Manager hears something’s wrong, flies in, makes a lot of noise, craps on everybody and flies away.

 Overseeing the actual work being done.

 Deming’s theory that managers should create constancy of purpose for improvement of product and service, adopt the new philosophy, improve constantly, institute modern methods of supervision, drive fear from the workplace, break down barriers between staff areas, eliminate numerical goals for the work force, remove barriers that rob people of pride of workmanship and institute a vigorous program of education and training.

– The negative consequences of fear of failure.

a management expert who assisted Japanese businesses in recovering and prospering following the end of WW2.theory that managers should create constancy of purpose  for improvement of product and serivce, adopt the new philosophy, improve constantly? institute modern methods of training on job, institute modern methods of supervision methods of supervision drive fear from workplace break down barriers between staff areas....