identification with and devotion to the interests of one’s nation. It usually involves a large group of people who share a national identity and often a language, culture or ancestry. 

in IR theory, the term implies not complete chaos but the lack of a central government that can enforce rules

A state’s right, at least in principle, to do whatever it wants within its own territory; traditionally sovereignty is the most important international norm

a situation in which states’ actions taken to assure their own security (such as deploying military forces) are perceived as threats to the security of other states 

The general concept of one or more state’ power being used to balance that of another state or group of states. The term can refer to (1) any ratio of power capabilities between states or alliances, (2) a relatively equal ration, or (3) the process by which counterbalancing coalitions have repeatedly formed to prevent one state from conquering an entire region.

States that rank somewhat below the great powers in terms of their influence on world affairs (eg: Canada, Brazil, India)

The holding by one state of preponderance of power in the international system, so that it can single-handedly dominate the rules and arrangements by which international political and economic relations are conducted 

WMD: nuclear, chemical, biological weapons by their enormous potential lethality and by their relative lack of discrimination in whom they kill

Chemical Weapons Convention: Treaty banning the production and possession of chemical weapons, which includes strict verification provisions ad the threat of sanctions against violators, including nonparticipants in the treaty

Non-Proliferation Treaty: Treaty that created a framework for controlling the spread of nuclear materials and expertise, including the international Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), a UN agency based in Vienna that is charged with inspecting the nuclear power industry in NPT member states to prevent secret military diversions of nuclear materials