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Poli Sci 1
october
180
Political Studies
12th Grade
10/16/2010

Additional Political Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Politics
Definition
The making of a common decision that binds an entire group.
Term
Do most individuals need group membership?
Definition
Yes
Term
Group membership according to the state, from most basic to least basic
Definition
Family/Gang, Church, Peers, Interest Groups, Political Parties
Term
Number of countries in the world
Definition
Approximately 193
Term
Pros and Cons of Group Membership
Definition

Pros: Protection, Status, Improvement

Cons: Time, Energy, Money, Compromise, Stress

Term
Power
Definition
X gets Y to do what X wants
Term
Coercive Power
Definition
X uses force, violence, threat of either on Y
Term
Limitations of Coercive Power
Definition
Retaliation, Bigger Bullies, High Cost
Term
Persuasive Power
Definition
X convinces Y that X and Y want the same thing
Term
Limitations of Persuasive Power
Definition
Different Values, Culture
Term
Incentive Power
Definition
X shows Y that Y will be better off
Term
Limitations of Incentive Power
Definition
X is Poor, Different Values, Culture
Term
Manifest Power
Definition
The observer observes X come to power
Term
Implicit Power
Definition
The observer came too late to see X come to power
Term
Elements of Ideology
Definition
System of Values and Beliefs, Evaluation of Institutions and Processes, Accepted as Fact or Truth by Members of the Group, A Picture of the World as it is and as it Should be, Organizes complex universe into something simple and understandable
Term
Process of State Institution
Definition
Democracy
Term
Process of Government Institution
Definition
Elections
Term
Process of Legislative Institution
Definition
Public Opinion
Term
Process of Executive Institution
Definition
Polls
Term
Title, Author, Date of important books on the Apocalypse
Definition

End of Ideology - Daniel Bell, 1960

End of History - Francis Fukuyama, 1989

Term
Democratic Capitalism
Definition
35 hour work week, national healthcare
Term
Forms of Capitalism
Definition
Free Market, Corporate, State
Term
Inventor of Free Market Capitalism
Definition
Adam Smith
Term
How fascists view others
Definition
ants
Term
How anarchists view others
Definition
Angels
Term
Society is to blame, man is born free, but everywhere in chains
Definition
Jean Jacques Rousseau
Term
How 17th Century English Liberals view others
Definition
Selfish
Term
The Leviathan
Definition
Thomas Hobbes
Term
Thomas Hobbes
Definition
power corrupts; restrain the rascals with constitution and election
Term
Thomas Hobbes on Natural Rights
Definition
Life
Term
Second Treatise on Government
Definition
John Locke
Term
John Locke on Natural Rights
Definition
Life and Property
Term
Declaration of Independence
Definition
Thomas Jefferson
Term
Thomas Jefferson on Natural Rights
Definition
Life, Property, and many others
Term
Ideological Answers for the Origin of Society, Government, State
Definition
God, Individuals sit down and write a social contract, Evolution from family to clan to tribe to nation
Term
Why should you obey?
Definition
Rational choice or coercive power.
Term
When do you get to disobey?
Definition
The law is immoral.
Term
Declaration's Justification for Revolution
Definition
Natural Rights are not respected
Term
Japanese Justification for Revolution
Definition
When You Win
Term
Elements of Nationalism
Definition
Aware that I am a member of the group, Identify with the group, Geographical identification of group with place, Patriotism, Demands to enhance group over foreign group
Term
Patriotism
Definition
Love of group powerful enough to kill a foreigner
Term
Nationalism Creators
Definition

18th century von Herder

19th century von Bismarck

20th century Hitler

Term
Woodrow Wilson
Definition
Self-Determination
Term
A group of people who share one of the following characteristics is a nation and is entitled to its own state.
Definition
Language, Race, Religion, Ideology, History, Culture, Behavior
Term
Characteristics of nationalism shared by Americans
Definition
Language, History, and mostly Ideology
Term
Group Inclusiveness or Exclusiveness
Definition
Race within Language within Culture within a National Group
Term
Number of Nations
Definition
Thousands
Term
Increases Terrorism
Definition
Nationalism
Term
Necessary Characteristics of a State
Definition
Sovereignty, Piece of dirt, Defense, Economy, Currency, A government that at least one other state recognizes
Term
Sovereignty
Definition
Legal right to kill you and legal right of entry and exit to another state
Term
Method of suspending legal right of entry and exit to another state
Definition
Passport and Visa
Term
Failed States
Definition
Cannot maintain low order
Term
Buffers keeping state from oppressing individuals
Definition
Labor Unions, Political Organization, Religious Organization, Professional Associations, Hobby Groups
Term
Challenges to the State
Definition
Economic Interdependence, Micro-nationalism
Term
Economic Interdependence
Definition
Globalization, Two Scorpions in a Bottle
Term
Alternatives to State
Definition
Euro identity, a league of sovereign states, world culture, international law
Term
Types of Liberalism
Definition
Classical, English, 17th Century, 18th Century, 19th Century
Term
17th Century Liberalism
Definition
Thomas Hobbes and John Locke
Term
18th Century Liberalism
Definition
Thomas Jefferson
Term
19th Century Liberalism
Definition
John Stuart Mill and Abraham Lincoln
Term
On Liberty
Definition
John Stuart Mill
Term
Gettysburg Address
Definition
Abraham Lincoln
Term
Abraham Lincoln
Definition
Government of the people, by the people, for the people
Term
Liberalism T/F: Highest good of society is for overall society to develop itself to its fullest capacity
Definition
F: Highest good of society is for each individual to develop themselves to their highest capacity
Term
Liberalism T/F: Each individual is responsible for their own actions
Definition
T
Term
Liberalism T/F: Democracy is best form of government
Definition
T
Term
Liberalism T/F: Intellectual confinement
Definition
F: Intellectual freedom
Term
Liberalism T/F: Government should be maximal
Definition
F: Government should be minimal
Term
Liberalism T/F: Capitalism is the best economic system
Definition
T
Term
Liberalism T/F: Power is good
Definition
F: Power is bad
Term
Liberalism T/F: Favor change
Definition
T
Term
Liberalism T/F: Human reason good
Definition
T
Term
Liberalism T/F: Pessimistic about human nature
Definition
F: Optimistic about human nature
Term
Liberalism T/F: Obsessed with your natural rights
Definition
T
Term
Elements of Free Market Capitalism
Definition

 

Private ownership of property, No legal limit on accumulation of property, Buy and sell anything, Most important: profit, Profit measures efficiency

Term
Conservatism T/F: There is no God
Definition
F: God(s) has/have a plan and we should obey it
Term
Conservatism T/F: Society consists of the past, the present, and the future
Definition
T
Term
Conservatism T/F: Happiness is achieved for a human in group membership
Definition
T
Term
Conservatism T/F: Diversity is good
Definition
F: Evil of diversity - we need to maintain order of shared values
Term
Conservatism T/F: Every man for himself
Definition
F: We as members of the group have a community of mutual responsibilities
Term
Conservatism T/F: There is a natural aristocracy which ought to be obeyed
Definition
T
Term
Conservatism T/F: Power is bad
Definition
F: Power is good so I can suppress the heretics, dissenters, traitors
Term
Conservatism T/F: Society should be stable and predictable. Everyone stay in their place
Definition
T
Term
Conservatism T/F: Change is bad
Definition
T
Term
Conservatism T/F: Tradition is scary
Definition
F: Tradition is good, reason and science are scary
Term
Conservatism T/F: Anti-egalitarian - inequality is good
Definition
T
Term
Democracy
Definition
Citizen Involvement
Term
Types of Legislatures
Definition
Elitism, Pluralism, Neo-Corporatism, Participatory
Term
Elitism
Definition
Choose aristocratic families to rule
Term
Pluralism
Definition
Groups struggle, survival of the fittest, weak go to wall
Term
Neo-Corporatism
Definition
Every group is represented in the legislature used today
Term
Rousseau's Theory of Representation
Definition
1 Representative to 100 People
Term
Edmond Burke's Theory of Representation
Definition
Legislator is stuck between superior intelligence and common opinion.
Term
Destroys the divine right of kings
Definition
Thomas Hobbes
Term
Rule of Law
Definition
Punishing the Rich, Powerful, and Famous
Term
House of Representatives length of term
Definition
2 Years
Term
Governor length of term
Definition
4 Years
Term
President length of term
Definition
4 Years
Term
Mayor length of term
Definition
4 Years
Term
US Senator length of term
Definition
6 Years
Term
Federal Government term limit
Definition
1
Term
President term limit amendment
Definition
22
Term
President term limit
Definition
2 + a max of 2 if you came in by way of VP
Term
John Locke overthrowing government without elections
Definition
Violence
Term
John Locke overthrowing government with elections
Definition
Use Elections
Term
US House of Representatives political majority
Definition
50%
Term
US Senate Filibuster political majority
Definition
60%
Term
US Senate Treaty political majority
Definition
67%
Term
US Constitutional Amendment political majority
Definition
75%
Term
There are three or more candidates in an election and no one receives 50%.
Definition
We have a runoff of the top two.
Term
Types of Equality
Definition
Political, Opportunity, Economic, Social
Term
Easiest type of equality to acquire
Definition
Political
Term
19th Century Liberalism (Republican): Do we have equality of opportunity?
Definition
Yes we have it already. The lazy scumbag didn't pay the $75 so his house should burn down.
Term
Socialist (Democrat): Do we have equality of opportunity?
Definition
No the government must subsidize.
Term
Are we in a state of nature?
Definition
Yes
Term
We individuals have ___ of our natural rights.
Definition
all
Term
There is no government.
Definition
Anarchy
Term
English Happiness
Definition
Happy
Term
French Happiness
Definition
Unhappy
Term
First Social Contract
Definition
We agree to a division of labor and society in order to acquire property.
Term
Second Social Contract
Definition
I give some of my natural rights to the government. I retain the remainder of natural rights.
Term
I retain the remainder of natural rights.
Definition
Constitution
Term
How do you go from monarchy to democracy?
Definition
Democratic Bargain
Term
Democratic Bargain
Definition
Amnesty, Affirmation, Funding
Term
Autonomy in a State of Nature
Definition
Representation and Local Laws
Term
Autonomy in Democratic Socialism
Definition
Military, Foreign Policy, Economy, Currency
Term
Democratic Socialism T/F: You are indifferent to underrepresentation.
Definition
F: You feel guilty when you see the poor underrepresented.
Term
Democratic Socialism T/F: You want to redistribute the wealth from the rich to the poor. There is safety for the middle class.
Definition
T
Term
Democratic Socialism T/F: You are going to use taxes through elections.
Definition
T
Term

 

Democratic Socialism T/F: You support capitalism.

 

Definition
F: You criticize capitalism.
Term

Democratic Socialism T/F: The poor lack  access to public property.

Definition
F: The poor have access to public property.
Term

Democratic Socialism T/F: Limit accumulation of property by means of continuous taxation of property, inheritance, income, and sales.

Definition
T
Term

Democratic Socialism T/F: No Government Regulation of the Economy

Definition
F: Government Regulation of the Economy
Term

 

Democratic Socialism T/F: Assistance Programs

 

Definition
T
Term

 

Democratic Socialism T/F: Criticized due to welfare and bureaucracy

 

Definition
T
Term

Democratic Socialism T/F: Ordinary people do not have access to an ombudsman who can navigate bureaucracy to help you obtain your government benefit.

Definition
F: Ordinary people have access to an ombudsman who can navigate bureaucracy to help you obtain your government benefit.
Term
USA Capitalism
Definition
Hire an attourney
Term
Communism
Definition
Bleeding Hearts, Total Redistribution, Immediate Action, Violence
Term
Problem of Capitalist Labor
Definition
Labor alienated from their laborer
Term
Critique of Capitalism
Definition
Surplus Labor, No Motivation for Increased Pay, Economic Crises
Term
Determines intellectual superstructure
Definition
Material base of society
Term
Class Struggle from Wealth to Poverty
Definition
Bourgeoisie, Proletariat, Lumpen-Proletariat
Term
Bourgeoisie
Definition
Own the means of production
Term
Proletariat
Definition
Sells their labor
Term
Lumpen-Proletariat
Definition
Cannot sell their labor
Term
Lenin
Definition
Invents the totalitarian political party in 1905 after failed spontaneous revolution
Term
Mao
Definition
Guerrilla warfare, Peasants as moving force in communism
Term
Will full communist benefits ever occur?
Definition
No
Term
Full Communist Benefits
Definition
Distribution of the wealth according to need, elitism, the state is supposed to wither away
Term
Anarchism Founder
Definition
Pyotr Kropotkin
Term
Anarchism
Definition
Voluntary Cooperation, Functional Relationships, Temporary, Social Structure Always Small
Term
Social Structure Always Small
Definition
No state, commune, cooperative
Term
The Peaceful Anarchist
Definition
Runaway from state to a commune, Most communes are economic failures, The state comes and tells you to change your values.
Term
Economically Successful Communes
Definition
Religion or State
Term
The state comes and tells you to change your values
Definition
The state causes a schism
Term
Schism Majority
Definition
Conformists
Term
Schism Minority
Definition
Fundamentalists
Term
The Violent Anarchist
Definition
Need a bomb, Make it yourself or receive it as a gift, Detonate the bomb, Bomb again if you survive uncaptured
Term
Need a Bomb
Definition
Death to the State
Term
You detonate the bomb
Definition
You die, You survive, You are captured by the state
Term
You are captured by the first-world state
Definition
Prison
Term
You are captured by the other-world state
Definition
Torture Chamber
Term
You bomb weak state
Definition
Destroyed, revolutionaries get power
Term
You bomb big state
Definition
Pointless
Term
Libertarianism
Definition
Protection against force and theft
Term
Fascism T/F: Rationalism
Definition
F: Irrationalism
Term

Fascism T/F: Social Darwinism

Definition
T
Term

Fascism T/F: State > sum of its individuals

Definition
T
Term

Fascism T/F: The state is just a concept

Definition
F: The state is a living organic being
Term

 

Fascism T/F: The leader is average.

 

Definition
F: The leader is charismatic, different and better than you. Because of this, the leader preforms miracles and knows the general will.
Term

Fascism T/F: The myth of superiority

Definition
T
Term

Fascism T/F: Pro-communist

Definition
F: Anti-communist
Term
Fascist Economic System
Definition
The rich can keep all their property which is now at the service of the state.
Term
Pillars of Islam
Definition
Quran, Frequent Prayers, Jihad
Term
Jihad
Definition
Struggle, Proselytize, Holy War
Term
Divisions in Islam
Definition
Shiites, Sunni, Wahhabis, Sufis
Term
Shiites: After founder is gone, who speaks for founder?
Definition
Lineal descendant of Mohammed
Term
Sunni: After founder is gone, who speaks for founder?
Definition
Consensus
Term
Majority of most Islamic states
Definition
Sunni
Term
Question that divides Islam
Definition
After founder is gone, who speaks for founder?
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