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Poli S 438
Exam Study
49
Political Studies
Undergraduate 4
05/18/2012

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Cards

Term
Following Yorktown and the Treaty of Paris, the last British forces left ______ in December 1783.
Definition
New York
Term
The British representative at the peace talks in Paris __________.
Definition
Richard Oswald
Term
Under the Treaty of Paris, America's western boundary was ______.
Definition
The Mississippi River
Term
_____ were the hardest hit by the recession that followed independence.
Definition
Bostonians
Term
Congress moved from Philadelphia eventually to New York because _________.
Definition
militiamen gathered in in Philadelphia to demand their pensions
Term
The executive body (more or less) of the Congress under the Articles of Confederation was called the ________.
Definition
Committee of States
Term
New England land speculators in the northwest territories were organized as the ________.
Definition
Ohio Company
Term
The country's first superintendent of Finance under the Articles of Confederation was _______.
Definition
Robert Morris.
Term
The event in Massachusetts which convinced many of the need for constitutional convention was _____.
Definition
Shay's Rebellion
Term
Two important people who dissent from the building belief that anarchy threatened the country were _____.
Definition
Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson
Term
The central problem of republican theory is _______________________________.
Definition
having power for safety while preventing power from endangering liberty.
Term
The term ______ was first used to designate opponents of the crown during the reign of Charles I.
Definition
"Country"
Term
The reclamation of English lost liberties began with the signing of _______ in ____.
Definition
The Magna Carta; 1215
Term
History for Country republicans moved _______, not along a straight path for progress.
Definition
cyclically
Term
The author who for Country republicans was the authority on the question of associational size was ___________.
Definition
Montesquieu
Term
Representation works better in small republics for two reasons:
Definition
Representatives resemble the people they represent command more confidence, reducing the risk of abuse of power; Small republics reduce the tendency for corruption of representatives as they can be supervised better.
Term
One sure measure of liberty's demise is the presence of __________.
Definition
a standing army in times of peace
Term
Court republicans would guard liberty through _____________ rather than through the civic virtue of a vigilant populous.
Definition
a complex government with separated powers checking and balancing each other
Term
Besides government, Madison argued, another source of oppression is ______.
Definition
factions
Term
Madison thought that the solution to majority tyranny lay in _______can provide.
Definition
the political diversity and numerous factions an extended republic
Term
Sparta retained her liberty longer than other republics because _____.
Definition
new territory was not sought after as a spoil of war
Term
_________________, says Montesquieu, is the means by which small states can defend themselves.
Definition
The confederated republic
Term
The people's share in government should, according to Montesquieu, be confined to ______________.
Definition
the choosing of representatives.
Term
Hume likens _______ to weeds.
Definition
factions
Term
Dividing factions into personal and real, Hume claims that personal factions arise most easily in ____________________.
Definition
small republics
Term
Government supplies the defect of _______.
Definition
moral virtue
Term
Elected representatives are prevented from developing interests distinct from the electors by frequent ______.
Definition
elections
Term
The principle of nature on which the form of government is best based is ____.
Definition
more simple anything is, the less liable it is to be disordered, and the easier repaired
when disordered
Term
The virtue of the English constitution depends exclusively on the _____.
Definition
persons of the commons
Term
Madison defines faction as a number of citizens acting in a manner adverse to ______ or to _______.
Definition
the rights of other citizens; the permanent and aggregate interests of the community
Term
Madison identifies two ways of curing factions: ________
Definition
by removing its causes or by controlling its affects.
Term
Says Madison: Liberty is to faction what _______.
Definition
air is to fire, an aliment without which it instantly expires
Term
Madison contends that the most common source of faction is _______.
Definition
the various and unequal distribution of property
Term
According to Madison, minority faction is solved by the __________.
Definition
diverse political interests of an extended republic which present little danger from interested combinations of the majority
Term
Given the fact, sas Madison, that governments are not for angels but for men, and are not run by angels but by men, the difficulty lies in this: _________________.
Definition
You must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place oblige it to control itself
Term
________ is what distinguishes a free government from an arbitrary government.
Definition
The assent of the people to the laws by which they are governed causing them to be ruled by the will of the whole
Term
In a republic, manners, sentiments, and interests of the people should be _____.
Definition
similar
Term
Despotisms and monarchies use _____ to enforce laws.
Definition
standing armies
Term
For John Locke, supremacy belongs to the ________, while sovereignty belongs to ________.
Definition
legislative; people
Term
Locke calls the power of war and peace the _______.
Definition
federative power
Term
Real faction is of three kinds: __________.
Definition
those from interest, from principle, from affection
Term
Hume supposes that people of mild temperament incline towards _____, while those whose spirits are bold and generous incline toward republics.
Definition
monarchies
Term
While the English in general support their mixed regime, some would invigorate the crown while others would constrain its powers. The former belong to the Court party, the latter to the ____.
Definition
Country party
Term
Faction in England arose during _____.
Definition
The Great Rebellion
Term
Followers of King Charles I were called ______, while followers of Parliament were called ______.
Definition
Round-Head (Court); Cavalier (Country)
Term
Upon the restoration of the Stuart dynasty, with Charles II, new parties arose in Britain, which went by the names of ______.
Definition
Whig and Tory
Term
Hume's contention is that a republic, while more difficult to establish in ________, is easier to maintain than one established in ______.
Definition
extensive country; city
Term
Free governments are ruined by ______.
Definition
extensive conquests
Term
Madison defines a republic as a popular government in which the system of ______ is in place.
Definition
representation
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