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POL Test 2
POL Test 2 court cases
23
Political Studies
Undergraduate 1
03/12/2010

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Cards

Term
Reynold's v. United States
Definition
Case that held that religious duty was not a suitable defense to a criminal indictment. (1878)
Term
Cantwell v. Connecticut
Definition
Decision holding that incorporated (enforced) the First Amendment's protection of religious free exercise against individual states (as opposed to federal actions. (1940)
Term
Sherbet v. Verner
Definition
held that the Free Exercise Clause of the First Amendment required that government demonstrate a compelling government interest before denying unemployment compensation to someone who was fired because her job conflicted with her religion. (1963)
Term
City of Boerne v. Flores
Definition
Case concerning the scope of Congress's enforcement power under the fifth section of the Fourteenth Amendment. This is the one where the archbishop wanted to make his church bigger but the city said it was a historic site. (1997)
Term
Schenck v. United States
Definition
Upheld the Espionage Act of 1917 and concluded that a defendant did not have a First Amendment right to free speech against the draft during World War I. The guy was distributing leaflets against the draft. (1919)
Term
Texas v. Johnson
Definition
Invalidated prohibitions on desecrating the American flag in force in 48 of the 50 states. Flag Burning. 1989
Term
Cohen v. California
Definition
On April 26, 1968, Paul Robert Cohen, 19, was arrested for wearing a jacket bearing the words "Fuck the Draft" inside the Los Angeles Courthouse.
Term
Mapp v. Ohio
Definition
Evidence obtained in violation of the Fourth Amendment, which protects against "unreasonable searches and seizures," may not be used in criminal prosecutions in state courts, as well as federal courts. (1961)
Term
Gideon v. Wainwright
Definition
State courts are required under the Sixth Amendment of the Constitution to provide counsel in criminal cases for defendants who are unable to afford their own attorneys. (1963)
Term
Miranda v. Arizona
Definition
Miranda Rights, Attorney, self incrimination, etc.
Term
Griswold v. Connecticut
Definition
The Constitution protected a right to privacy. The case involved a Connecticut law that prohibited the use of contraceptives.
Term
Webster v. Reproductive Health
Definition
Upholding a Missouri law that imposed restrictions on the use of state funds, facilities and employees in performing, assisting with, or counseling on abortions.
Term
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Definition
Upheld the constitutional right to have an abortion but lowered the standard for analyzing restrictions of that right, invalidating one regulation but upholding the others.
Term
Lawrence v. Texas
Definition
Struck down the sodomy law in Texas. ([2003)
Term
U.S. v. Miller
Definition
United States v. Miller involved a criminal prosecution under the National Firearms Act of 1934 (NFA). The law about registering fully automatic guns.
Term
District of Colombia v. Heller
Definition
Protects an individual's right to possess a firearm for private use in federal enclaves. (2008)
Term
McDonland v. Chicago
Definition
This is the Chicago Gun ban case right now.
Term
United States v. Reese
Definition
An 1876 voting rights case in which the United States Supreme Court upheld such practices as the poll tax, the literacy test, and the grandfather clause. (1876)
Term
Plessy v. Ferguson
Definition
Established separate but equal.
Term
Sweat v. Painter
Definition
Case that successfully challenged the "separate but equal" doctrine of racial segregation established by the 1896 case Plessy v. Ferguson. A black man couldn't go to Texas Law School.
Term
Brown v. Topeka Board of Education
Definition
Declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students, denying black children equal educational opportunities unconstitutional. (1954)
Term
Craig v. Boren
Definition
First case in which a majority of the United States Supreme Court determined that statutory or administrative sex classifications had to be subjected to an intermediate standard of judicial review. This is the case where women could by beer at 18 but men at 21. (1976)
Term
United States v. Virginia
Definition
Case in which the Supreme Court of the United States struck down the Virginia Military Institute's long-standing male-only admission policy in a 7-1 decision. (1996)
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