Term
| Qualified Majority Vote (QMV) |
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Definition
Voting procedure in CoM, Eu Council - weighted in accordance w/pop to give smaller states slightly more power
Need:
Majority of MSs (14)
Weighted majority vote (255/345)
Demographic majority (of total population) |
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Term
| Consultation procedure (EP) |
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| Cooperation procedure (EP) |
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| Co-decision procedure (EP) |
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| Direct elections to the EP |
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| started 1979, gave more power to the EP |
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Two treaties - common market, customs unions & common policies
Established EEC (later EC) & EURATOM to ECSC
Goal to achieve integration by economic expansion |
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1947, US aid package to Europe of > $20 billion - insisted in multilateral administration of aid, making it almost economically/physically impossible to fight each other (unlike Versailles Treaty)
led to European coal and steel community (ECSC) 1951 - MP architects did not want to rebuild Eu. as separate nation states
pooled sovereignty! |
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| current EU treaty, established 2007, enforcement began 2009 |
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| weighty standards for integration - democracy, capitalism, being European - CAP? |
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Ex.s: US, Canada, Germany --> component parts create a central, federal government with supremacy (as opposed to a confederation wherein the component parts don't give up supremacy or a centralized system like Britain where the component parts aren't really distinguished)
MOST power shifts up (vertically), but components are sovereign in at least small ways
territorially distributed power along spatial lines (not functionally) |
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| think Kantian paradise - no (major) wars fought b/w European democracies since WWII - (actually only 4 of territorial aggression) |
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| No tariffs or quotas on goods or services b/w countries in a given area - says nothing about NTBs |
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identical tariffs towards non-member countries (import tariffs)
Goods can be transported b/w countries freely - only have to go through a single process to get in
Important because you want to maximize trade creation and minimize trade diversion |
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Difference between alleged democracy of the EU (and its MSs) & the actual processes of the EU itself
Ex.s: Treaties ratified by gov. exec.s whose constituencies would actually reject the treaty if it were to be put to a popular vote
(Deficit b/w national and EU levels??)
Steadily democratized itself - direct EP election in 1979, greater power of nat. parl.s over EU decision making
Lack of democracy, not representative of constituents b/c many EU officials are appt.ed not elected |
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Happens when 2 countries substitute a more efficient foreign producer for a domestic producer --> easier to do w/out tariffs, which screws w/efficiency
In regional trade unions, the overall welfare of the region will increase as long as trade creation outweighs trade diversion |
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| Happens as a result of a common tariff law - substitute in-region producer for more efficient external producer |
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| Benefits that each party derives by specializing/trading rather than producing those goods & services themselves - comparative advantage |
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| set of rules/norms that alter human behavior - can constrain (traffic lights) or permit (property rights) |
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| integration in one sector --> integration in another sector |
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