Term
Structuralist Perspective
for Rural Poverty and Hunger |
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Definition
Inequality and Market Power of Agro-TNCs
(monopolistic input markets,
monopsonistic retail markets,
peasants get "double squeeze") |
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Term
Institutionalist Perspective
for Rural Poverty and Hunger |
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Definition
Lack of Knowledge Sharing and "Pro-Poor Investment"
(most R&D in temperate regions, R&D needd in tropical and semi-arid regions, no subsidized R&D and new rural infrastrucure) |
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Term
Neo-classical Perspective
on Rural Poverty and Hunger |
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Definition
State Intervention and Market Distortions
(developing states seek to industrialize,
use price controls to benefit urban sector,
reduced income for peasantry) |
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Term
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Definition
| As income rises the proportion of income spent on food falls, even if actual expenditure on food increases |
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Term
Agricultural Adjustment Act |
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Definition
| United States federal law of the New Deal era which restricted agricultural production by paying farmers subsidies not to plant their land (that is to let a portion of their fields like fallow). Its purpose was to reduce crop surplus and therefore effectively raise the value of crops. Taxpayers were paying for this subsidy |
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Term
| Commodity Credit Corporation |
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Definition
| Basically like an agrarian bank. They gave loans in exchange for farmers giving them grain for collateral. By taking commodities out of the market, they would reduce supply and raise prices in hopes that market demand would bring the price up even higher |
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Term
Purpose and Forms of Price Support Subsidies
in Supply Management |
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Definition
Purpose: meant to establish parity with industrialized goods
1. Non-resourse loans
2. Commodity Credit Corporation |
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Term
Forms of Production Controls
in Supply Management |
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Definition
1. Acreage Allotments
2. Marketing Agreements
3. Processing Tax |
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Term
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Definition
| A farm's acreage allotment was its share, based on its previous production, of the national acreage needed to produce sufficient supplies of a particular crop. Given to people if they had historically planted a larger piece of land. Benefited larger producers. Able to invest in increasing volume per acre |
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Term
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Definition
| Loans that were given at a lost to firms that were designed to help get Europe back on it's feet in terms of industry. Had strings attached to the aid; carrot approach to get countries like Britain on board with respect to trade policies |
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Term
Monroe Doctrine
(during Cold War) |
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Definition
Notion that LA is our backyard.
Gonna dump our surpluses in order to make sure they will remain our allies during the war.
Spreads to asia as China becomes communist. |
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