Term
| What are the three regions of the brainstem? |
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Definition
Midbrain Pons Medulla Oblongata |
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Term
| What is the only CN to exit on the dorsal side of the brainstem? |
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Definition
CN IV Trochlear nerve Exits dorsally and wraps around to the front |
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Term
| What cranial nerve spans from the midbrain to the Medulla Oblongata? |
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Definition
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Term
| What two CNs are not in the brainstem? |
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Definition
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Term
| What CN originate in the Mid Brain? |
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Definition
2, 3, and (5) CN V is mostly in the PONS |
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Term
| What CN originate in the PONS? |
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Definition
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Term
| What CNs Originate in the Medulla? |
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Definition
9, 10, 11, and 12 Also parts of 5, 7, and 8 |
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Term
| What is an example of a SVE? |
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Definition
The muscles of mastication! (Any muscle originating from branchial arch) |
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Term
| In a cross section of the brainstem, how are the nuclei arranged? |
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Definition
Afferents are more dorsal, Efferents are ventral The nuclei with the hight CN number are located more medially (CN XII is near the midline while CN V is more lateral) |
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Term
| What is the function of the solitary nucleus? |
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Definition
Taste from ALL cranial nerves other SVAs |
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Term
| What is the function of the Salivatory Nucleus? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of the motor nucleus of Trigeminal? |
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Definition
Muscles of Mastication (All muscles innnervated by CN V) |
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Term
| What is the function of the facial nucleus? |
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Definition
The facial muscles (All muscle innervated by CN VII) |
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Term
| What is the function of the Dorsal Motor nucleus of X? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of the Hypoglossal nucleus? |
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Definition
| It innervates tongue movement |
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Term
| What is the PS nuclei involved with CN III? |
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Definition
Edinger-Westphal Ciliary Ganglion Targets Sphincter pupillae and cillary |
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Term
| What PS nuclei is associated with CN VII? |
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Definition
The superior salivatory nucleus (lacrimal nucleus) Pterygopalatine ganglion (for lacrimal and palate) and submandibular ganglion (for submand and subling) Targets Lacrimal and palatal glands Submandibular and sublingual glands |
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Term
| What is the PS nucleus associated with CN IX? |
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Definition
Inferior Salivatory nucleus Otic Ganglion Targets the parotid gland |
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Term
| What PS nuclei is associated with CN X? |
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Definition
The dorsal Motor Nucleus Multiple ganglia Targets glands and smooth mucles |
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Term
| Why is the solitary nucleus so close to both salivatory nucleus? |
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Definition
The solitary nucleus is associated with TASTE TASTE is associated with salivation via the taste-salivary-reflex |
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Term
| For cranial nerves, where are the UMN and LMN? |
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Definition
UMN are in the cerebral cortext LMN are within the CNs |
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Term
What nuclei are associated with CN XII? -what stuctures does it pass through? -what is its function? |
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Definition
Hypoglossal nucleus (GSE-motor) Passes through Hypoglossal foramen Extrensic and intrinsic muscles of tongue |
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Term
What nuclei are associated with CN XI? -what stuctures does it pass through? -what is its function? |
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Definition
Accessory Nucleus (Spinal Portion, GSE- Motor) Nucleus Ambiguus (Cranial Portion, GSE- Motor) Spinal Portion- Intervertebral Foramen Cranial Component- Foramen Magnum and Jugular Foramen. Runs XI via X Innervate SCM and Trapezius |
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Term
What nuclei are associated with CN X? -what stuctures does it pass through? -what is its function? |
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Definition
N. Ambiguus (SVE) Dorsal Motor N. (GVE) Solitary N. (GVA-Taste) Solitary N. (SVA-Pharynx) Spinal Tract of CN V (GSA- Pain!) Jugular Foramen Many functions |
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Term
What nuclei are associated with CN IX? -what stuctures does it pass through? -what is its function? |
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Definition
N. Ambiguus (SVE) Inf. Salivatory N. (GVE- Parotid Gland) Solitary N. (GVA) Solitary N. (SVA) Spinal Tract of CN V (GSA- Pain!) |
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Term
What nuclei are associated with CN VII? -what stuctures does it pass through? -what is its function? |
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Definition
Motor Nucleus of CN VII Superior Salivatory Nucleus (aka Lacrimal N.) Solitary N. (SVA-Taste) Spinal Nucleus of V (GSA-PAIN!) Supplies muscles of facial expression |
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Term
| Any GSA fiber, regardless of CN, will terminate where? |
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Definition
Spinal Nucleus of V From spinal nerves V, VII, IX, and X |
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Term
| Where does all taste innervation synapse? What nerves does this include? |
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Definition
Solitary Nucleus (Aka Gustatory Nucleus) CNs VII, IX, X Facial, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus This is a 3 neuron system! CN neuron, solitary nucleus, cerebral cortex |
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Term
| Describe the salivary-taste reflex? |
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Definition
Taste afferents-->Solitary Nucleus-->Superior and inferior Salivatory nuclei-->To salivary glands Completely within brain stem! |
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Term
What nuclei are associated with CN V? -what stuctures does it pass through? -what is its function? |
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Definition
Motor Nucleus of V (MM of mastication) Mesencephalic N. (proprioception) Principle or Main Sensory N. of CN V (Tactile) Nucleus of the Spinal Tract of CN V (PAIN!/Temp) |
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Term
| Describe the trigeminal nerve pathways |
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Definition
Pain and temp go to the spinal nucleus of V before crossing over and ascending the ventral trigeminothalamic lemniscus Tactile Discrimination go to the principle sensory N. then either cross or don't cross before ascending through the dorsal trigeminothalamic lemniscus. |
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Term
| Describe the trigeminal reflexes |
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Definition
Masticatory proprioceptive fibers to mesencephalic trigeminal nucles to motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve to muscles of mastication cornea afferent fibers from cornea to spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve to motor nucleus of facial nerve to muscles of facial expression tearing Afferent fibers from cornea to spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve to lacrimal nucleus (part of salivatory nucleus) to lacrimal gland. sneeze sucking |
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Term
What nuclei are associated with CN IV and VI? -what stuctures does it pass through? -what is its function? |
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Definition
Trochlear Nucleus -GSE -Superior orbital fissure -Exits dorsal side and wraps around Abducens Nucleus -GSE -Superior orbital fissure |
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Term
What nuclei are associated with CN III? -what stuctures does it pass through? -what is its function? |
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Definition
Occulomotor nucleus (GSE) Edinger-Westphal Nucleus (GVE) -Parasympathetic innervation |
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Term
Describe the corticobulbar tract |
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Definition
Cerebral cortex--> Motor nuclei of CN V, VII, and XII--> skeletal muscles of head and neck |
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