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| A whip is an official in a political party whose primary purpose is to ensure party discipline in a legislature. Whips are a party's "enforcers", who typically offer inducements and threaten punishments for party members to ensure that they vote according to the official party policy. A whip's role is also to ensure that the elected representatives of their party are in attendance when important votes are taken. The usage comes from the hunting term "whipping in", i.e. preventing hounds from wandering away from the pack. |
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Members of each major party in the United States Congress meet regularly in closed sessions known as party conferences (Republicans) or party caucuses (Democrats). Participants set legislative agendas, select committee members and chairs, and hold elections to choose various Floor leaders. This process takes place for both the Senate and the House of Representatives. |
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| vice president appoints a temporary replacement for him as president over the senate. typically most senior member |
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Group of a dozen or so members of majority party
One-hour stints as presiding officer |
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Spokesperson for their party.
Harder to get things done compared to Speaker and
majority leader in the House. |
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| Conditional Party Government(CPG) |
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Definition
We should expect party government when:
1
Parties are internally homogeneous (particularly
majority party)
2
Parties are clearly different from each other
Need to satisfy these two conditions.
Under these conditions, rank-and-file members are
more willing to give more powers to leaders to
enforce party loyalty |
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| Suggests that policy out comes on the floor rarely diverge from what is acceptable to the pivotal voter-the member who casts the 218 vote in the house |
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Theoretical overview of group decision-making
Social Choice Theory
One way to think of group preference
Condorcet winner
: Alternative that beats any other
alternative in a
pairwise majority vote
.
Median voter’s preferred option is the Condorcet
winner |
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