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(asthenos=weak; sphere=ball)
the mantle that is underneath the lithosphere |
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theory made by Alfred Wegener
Pangea began breaking apart into smaller continents about 200 millionn years ago. |
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| Mountains such as ANDES are produced in part by volcanic activiy associated with the subduction of oceanic lithosphere. |
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Definition
plate boundaries moving towards eachother where subduction zones are produced with oceanic lithosphere always submerging underneath another oceanic/continental.
lithosphere is destroyed.
cause DEEP OCEAN TRENCHES.
3 convergences: oceanic-oceanic; continental-oceanic; continental-continental. |
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Definition
| a point of temperature where depending on whether it is high or lovw, magnetic minerals are either gained or lost. |
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| expression produced by a plate descending underneath another one. |
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Definition
plates moving apart from one another.
occur along the crest of oceanic ridges.
also called "spreading centers" because seafloor spreading occurs at these boundaries. |
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Definition
| rocks that were formed millions of years ago and contain a "record" of the direction of the magnetic polesat the time of their formation. |
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Definition
linear breaks in the oceanic crust.
include both the active transform faults as well as their inactive extentions into the plate interior. |
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Definition
| the Earth's magnetic field periodically reverse polarity. |
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shows the age of each volcano indicating the time when it was situated over the mantle plume.
traces the direction of the plate motion. |
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| arshaped chain of small volcanic islands |
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Term
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Definition
(lithos=stone;sphere=ball)
uppermost mantle along with the overlying crust behaves as a strong ridid layer |
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Definition
| lithosphere broken into numerous segments. |
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| magnetic surveys that map variations in the strength of Earth's magnetic field that arise from differences in the magnetic properties of the underlying crustal rocks. |
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| measures the magnetic polarity of hundresds of lava flows and use radiometric dating techniques to establish their ages. |
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| hot, buoyant upward flowing arms of mantle convection. |
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Definition
| when rocks exhibit the same magnetism as the present magnetic field |
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Definition
| large expanses of the seafloor slowy emerging. down the middle of the Atlantic Ocean. |
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rocks that were formed millions of years ago and contain a "record" of the direction of the magnetic polesat the time of their formation.
same as fossil magnetism. |
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| a supercontinent that was broken apart due to continental drift. |
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| when the mantle is sufficiently hot, the introduction of water leads to some melting. |
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| lithosphere broken into smaller pieces. |
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| continental drift and seafloor spreading were united to encompass this theory. |
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| rocs exhibiting opposite magnetism. |
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| results when gravity sets the elevated slabs astride oceanic ridges in motion. |
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| ridge segments in a deep down faulted structure. |
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| states that new seafloor is continually being generated at mid-ocean ridges and old, dense seafloor is being consumed at the deep-ocean trenches. |
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Definition
| occurs where cold, dense oceanic lithosphere is subducted and pulls the trailing lithosphere along |
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| mantle flows being "sucked" in nearby plates. |
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| another name for divergent boundaries. |
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| also called convergent boundaries |
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Definition
| lithosphere broken into numerous segments. |
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Definition
| plates slide horizontally past one another without the production or destruction of lithosphere. |
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| plates grind past each other without production or destruction of lithosphere. |
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Definition
| oceanic-oceanic convergence resulting in an arc shaped chain of volcanic islands. |
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