Term
| Which of Earth's layers is the thinnest? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the process called that describes how the continents slowly move? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the type of evidence called when you can directly examine it in your hands, like for example looking at rocks? |
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Definition
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Term
| What happens to a fluid when its temperature increases (which means it is getting hotter?) |
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Definition
| The density of it decreases. It gets more runny. |
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Term
| TRUE/FALSE? Some continents matched up like puzzle pieces and this evidence supported Wegener's hypothesis. |
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Definition
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Term
| True/False? Mid-ocean ridges were mapped using sonar. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which layer of the crust has the highest temperature? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is oceanic crust made of? |
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Definition
| The dark-colored rock basalt. |
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Term
| Where does subduction occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of boundary happens when two plates push together? |
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Definition
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Term
| True/False? Pressure increases inside Earth from the crust to the core. |
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Definition
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Term
| True/False? In the mantle, hot materials sink, while cooler materials rise. |
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Definition
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Term
| True/False? Mid-ocean ridges occur at divergent boundaries. |
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Definition
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Term
| True/False? Earth looks the same today as it did millions of years ago. |
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Definition
| False! Earth doesn't even look the same today as it did yesterday. |
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Term
| True/False? The asthenosphere can bend like plastic. |
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Definition
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Term
| True/False? Density is a measure of how much heat there is in a volume of a substance. |
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Definition
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Term
| True/False? The movement of energy from a warmer object to a cooler object is called heat transfer. |
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Definition
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Term
| True/False? Wegener believed that continental drift explained fossils of tropical plants found in places that today have a polar climate. |
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Definition
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Term
| True/False? At deep-ocean trenches, conduction allows ocean crust to sink back into the mantle. |
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Definition
| False - it is CONVECTION! |
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Term
| True/False? The Pacific Ocean is currently shrinking. |
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Definition
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Term
| A rigid layer that includes the upper part of the mantle and the crust. |
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Definition
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Term
| What do we call the solid material beneath the asthenosphere? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do we call the soft layer just below the lithosphere? |
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Definition
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Term
| What rock makes up most of the ocean floor? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the force pushing on a surface or area? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the layer made up of liquid iron and nickel? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do we call the uppermost part of the mantle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What rock makes up the core of the continents? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do we call the outer rind of rock on the Earth? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name for a wave produced by an earthquake? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name for the soft layer of rock in the mantle? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the layers of the Earth in order from the one in the inside to the one on the outside. |
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Definition
| Inner core, outer core, mantle, crust |
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Term
| What do we call a deep valley that forms where 2 plates pull apart? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do we call a line where the edges of Earth's plates meet? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the term for a break in Earth's crust where rocks have slipped past each other? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do we call the process by which the ocean floor sinks into the mantle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What device is used to map the ocean floor? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do we call any trace of an ancient organism preserved in rock? |
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Definition
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Term
| A measure of how much mass there is in a volume of a substance is called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Geologists use DIRECT evidence from what item to learn about Earth's interior? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the term for the transfer of energy through space? |
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Definition
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Term
| When continental plates move apart, what do they form? |
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Definition
| Rift Valleys, like the Great Rift Valley in Africa |
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Term
| The tranfer of heat between objects that are touching is called? |
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Definition
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Term
| Two plates move past each other in opposite directions at what kind of boundary? |
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Definition
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Term
| How did drilling samples show that sea-floor spreading really has taken place? |
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Definition
| When drilling samples have been analyzed, scientists have found that the youngest rocks are nearest to the mid-ocean ridges. The oldest rocks are far from the ridges because they get pushed to the sides each time new rock is formed in the middle. |
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Term
| Why is it unlikely that Mesosaurus swam back and forth across the Atlantic Ocean? |
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Definition
| There are a number of reasons that this is unlikely. First, Mesosaurus was a fresh water animal and the salt water in the ocean would have killed it. Secondly, the Mesosaurus did not have powerful swimming legs. The legs were too stubby. The animal needed to breath air, as well. Mesosaurus was small and would have been easy prey for larger ocean animals. |
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Term
| Explain why the Atlantic Ocean is getting bigger while the Pacific Ocean is getting smaller. |
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Definition
| The Atlantic has a very active mid-ocean ridge which produces a lot of new rock. The Atlantic does not have a lot of trenches so rock is not recycled as quickly as it is produced. The Pacific Ocean is the opposite. The East Pacific Rise does produce new oceanic crust; however, the Pacific has A LOT of trenches and subduction happens faster there. Oceanic crust gets swallowed up in the Pacific faster than it can be made. |
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