Term
| Hemispheric Specialisation: Left |
|
Definition
| controls movement in the right side of the body, production of speech, receives sensations from the right side of body, comprehension of language, reading and writing, analytical thinking, logical reasoning, mathematics. |
|
|
Term
| Hemispheric Specialistion: Right |
|
Definition
controls movement in the left side of the body, creativity, new ideas, receives sensations from left side of the body, recognition of faces, recognition of patterns, musical ability, spatial ability, emotional detection and expression, appreciation of art.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Plasticity refers to the ability of the brains neural structure or function to be changed by experience throughout the lifespan.Plasticity enables the brain to Change shape creating new connections between neurons to replace the lost or damaged ones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Adaptive plasticity refers to the change in the brains neural structure to enable adjustment to experience, to compensate for lost function and also to maximize remaining functions in the event of brain injury-as seen in Brandi’s video. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Rerouting is the process of an undamaged neuron that has lost connection, to connect with a new active neuron to regain communication |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The growth of new bushier nerve fibers with more branches to make new connections. Sprouting and rerouting enable the growth and formation of entirely new neural connections at the synapse to compensate for the loss of the function due to brain injury. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Developmental plasticity refers to the change in the brains neural structure in response to experience during its growth and development.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Critical periods however, are a specific period in development during which an organism is most vulnerable to the deprivation or absence of certain environmental stimuli or experiences. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sensitive periods are ‘windows of opportunity for best learning’. It’s a period in time which is particularly suited to leaning things due to the nature of the growing brain. |
|
|
Term
| Experience expectant learning |
|
Definition
| Experience expectant learning takes place when the brain encounters the experience that is expected, if this experience does not occur when expected, then the brain development may not occur as it should. |
|
|
Term
| Experience dependent learning |
|
Definition
| experience dependent learning refers to additional skill developed over a lifespan that the brain does not expect. It is learning that ‘depends’ on exposure to specific experience at any given time due to an individual’s experience |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| axon, dendrite, soma, myeline sheath, nucleus, pre synaptic neuron, post synaption neuron, synapse, synaptic gap, neurotransmitters, terminal buttons |
|
|
Term
| Neural changes during learning |
|
Definition
| brain structure, neuron structure, synapses |
|
|
Term
| neurotransmitter invloved and their role |
|
Definition
Glutamate initiates activity in postsynaptic neurons that receive information forming neural pathways.
dopamine gives a pleasurable experience associated with its secretion at the dopamine reward centre which influences reward based learning. |
|
|
Term
| importance of stimulating the brain after damage |
|
Definition
| to encourage the growth of new dendrites, known as sprouting. and also to rerout nerve fibres to take over another role and continue functioning |
|
|
