- refers to when flowering plants contain two sperm cells that each fertilize a different cell.

-involves the fusion of two sperm cell nuclei of the male gametophyte with two cell nuclei of female gametophyte. One sperm fuses with the haploid egg cell to form the zygote; the other sperm unites with the diploid central cell to form a triploid cell that will develop to an endosperm.

-is the tissue produced inside the seeds of most flowering plants around the time of fertilization. It surrounds the embryo and provides nutrition in the form ofstarch, though it can also contain oils and protein. This can make endosperm a source of nutrition in human diet.

-tissue that surrounds and nourishes the embryo in the angiosperm seed. The initiation of endosperm is a definitive characteristic of angiosperms and requires the fusion of at least one nucleus in the embryo sac with a sperm nucleus from the pollen grain. 

CROSS POLLINATION  is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of a flower of a different plant of the same species.

& SELF POLLINATION s the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same flower or of another flower of the same plant.

-The primary function is to a plant is to scatter seeds.

- is a part of a flowering plant that derives from specific tissues of the flower, one or more ovaries, and in some cases accessory tissues.

The innermost layer of the pericarp that surrounds a seed in a fruit.

-the hard inner layer of the pericarp of many fruits, such as the pit or stone of a cherry, peach, or olive.

The middle layer of the pericarp of a fruit, between the endocarp and the exocarp.

-The middle, usually fleshy layer of a fruit wall.

The outer layer of the pericarp of a fruit.

-outermost layer of the pericarp of fruits: forms the skin 

Mitosis: type of nuclear division resulting in 2 genetically identical daughter cells: Division used in growth

Meiosis: specialized type of nuclear division which results in 4 genetically different daughter cells that have 1/2 the # of chromosomes as the mother cell

I-P-M-A-T

Iterphase

Prophase

Metaphase

Anaphase

Telophase

Cytokinesis

Know each stage of Mitosis including what happens in...

phase: interphase

The point on a chromosome by which it is attached to a spindle fiber during cell division.

-sticky part of chromosomes

alternae forms of genes

Dominate & Recessive

Know difference between homozygous and heterozygous genes...

homozygous...

Know difference between homozygous and heterozygous genes

heterozygous...

what occur in pairs in diploid organisms

one set given by each parents