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| Largest seed plant lineage. Only group that makes flowers and fruits. |
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| Member of an early–evolving plant lineage with a gametophyte–dominant life cycle; a moss, liverwort, or hornwort. |
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| Floral reproductive structure that produces female gametophytes; a sticky or hairlike stigma together with an ovary and a style. |
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| Fossil fuel formed over millions of years by compaction and heating of plant remains. |
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| Gymnosperm with nonmotile sperm and woody cones; for example, a pine. |
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| Secreted covering at a body surface. |
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| Tropical or subtropical gymnosperm with flagellated sperm, palmlike leaves, and fleshy seeds. |
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| Member of the land plant clade. |
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Definition
| Nutritive triploid tissue in angiosperm seeds. |
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| Plant that grows on another plant does not harm it. |
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Definition
| Largest lineage of angiosperms; includes herbaceous plants, woody trees, and cacti. |
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Definition
| Specialized reproductive shoot of a flowering plant. |
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Definition
| Mature ovary of a flowering plant, often with accessory parts; encloses a seed or seeds. |
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Definition
| Deciduous gymnosperm with flagellated sperm, fan–shaped leaves, and fleshy seeds. |
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Definition
| Shrubby or vinelike gymnosperm, with nonmotile sperm; for example, Ephedra. |
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Definition
| Seed plant that does not make flowers or fruits; for example, a conifer. |
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Definition
| Material that stiffens cell walls of vascular plants. |
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Definition
| Haploid spore formed in ovule of seed plants; develops into an egg–producing gametophyte. |
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Definition
| Walled, haploid spore formed in pollen sacs of seed plants; develops into a sperm–producing gametophyte (a pollen grain). |
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Definition
| Lineage of angiosperms with one seed leaf (cotyledon); includes grasses, orchids, and palms. |
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Definition
| Nonvascular plant with a leafy green gametophyte and an attached, dependent sporophyte consisting of a capsule on a stalk. |
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Definition
| Of flowering plants, the enlarged base of a carpel, inside which one or more ovules form and eggs are fertilized. Of animals, organ in which oocytes form and mature. |
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Definition
| Of seed plants, reproductive structure in which egg–producing female gametophyte develops; after fertilization, matures into a seed. |
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Definition
| Carbon–rich moss remains; can be dried for use as fuel. |
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Definition
| Plant vascular tissue that distributes sugars through sieve tubes. |
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Definition
| Male gametophyte of a seed plant. |
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Definition
| Of seed plants, reproductive structure in which sperm–bearing gametophytes (pollen grains) develop. |
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Definition
| Arrival of a pollen grain on the egg–bearing part of a seed plant. |
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| Animal that moves pollen, thus facilitating pollination. |
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Definition
| Threadlike structure that anchors a bryophyte. |
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Definition
| Stem that grows horizontally along or under the ground. |
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Definition
| Chemical that has no known role in an organism’s normal metabolism; often deters predation. |
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Definition
| Embryo sporophyte of a seed plant packaged with nutritive tissue inside a protective coat. |
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Definition
| Plant such as a fern or horsetail that has vascular tissue and disperses by producing spores. |
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Definition
| Cluster of spore–producing capsules on a fern leaf. |
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Definition
| Floral reproductive structure that produces male gametophytes; in most plants it consists of a pollen–producing anther on the tip of a filament. |
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Definition
| Opening across a plant’s cuticle and epidermis; can be opened for gas exchange or closed to prevent water loss. |
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Definition
| Plant with xylem and phloem; a seedless vascular plant, gymnosperm, or angiosperm. |
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Definition
| Internal pipelines of xylem and phloem in the body of a vascular plant. |
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Definition
| Complex vascular tissue of plants; its tracheids and vessel members distribute water and mineral ions. |
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