Term
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Definition
embryonic tissue regions, source of new growth
-lateral: increase girth (secondary)
-apical: increase length (primary)
-intercalary: between mature, non-meristematic tissue |
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Term
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Definition
protoderm - epidermis
procambium - vascular
ground - cortex/pith |
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Term
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Definition
a primary meristem
develops into epidermis |
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Term
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Definition
a primary meristem
develops into vascular tissue |
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Term
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Definition
1. terminal
2. lateral
3. axillary
4. accessory
5. floral
6. mixed |
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Term
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Definition
1. remain dormant
2. develop into lateral stem
3. develop into a flower
4. develop into a stem bearing flowers
5. develop into a specialized fruit |
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Term
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Definition
| when a bud develops into a stem that bears many flowers |
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Term
| 2 processes of cell enlargement |
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Definition
1. bond breaking between cellulose microfibrils
2. vacuoles increase water uptake to increase turgor pressure |
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Term
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Definition
at tips of roots/shoots or in terminal or axillary buds of stems
-if in buds, protected by bud scale |
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Term
| Derivitive tissues of meristems |
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Definition
1. Protoderm
2. Procambium
3. Ground Meristem |
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Term
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Definition
tissue of cellular matrix in which the vascular tissue is embedded
-cortex and pith |
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Term
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Definition
| the vascular cambium originating within a vascular bundle "fascicle" |
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Term
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Definition
| vascular cambium between vascular bundles |
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Term
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Definition
| living tissue of thin-walled cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 6 characteristics of Meristematic cells |
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Definition
1. small
2. isodiametric/spherical
3. thin primary walls, no secondary walls
4. closely packed
5. large nucleus to cytoplasm ratio
6. dividing |
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Term
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Definition
| a dispersal unit containing a young seed, food, and a protective coating |
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Term
| 3 Requirements for Germination |
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Definition
1. water absorption
2. washing/drying away of inhibitor
3. right environmental conditions |
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Term
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Definition
1. seed coat
2. embryo
3. endosperm or megagametophyte |
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Term
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Definition
The result of fertilization of an egg by one sperm
(in pollen), followed by mitosis and differentiation. |
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Term
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Definition
(angiosperms only): Nutritive tissue in seeds that is
made up of cells containing genes from both the mother and father of the embryo |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1. Apical Meristem
2. epicotyl
3. hypocotyl
4. cotyledons
5. radicle |
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Term
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Definition
1. Imbibition
2. swelling causes rupture
3. emergence of radicle with hypocotyl elongation
4. apical meristem grows toward sunlight
5. use of cotyledon reserves after endosperm spent
6. leaf primordia develop into true leaves, photosynthesize |
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Term
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Definition
| generally occur in pairs on either side of an axillary bud |
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Term
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Definition
-located interior to epidermis of stems/roots
-secondary growth
-only in woody plants |
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Term
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Definition
| sandwiched between mature tissues, enabling stems and other organs to grow |
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Term
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Definition
Clonal offspring via
-rhizomes: underground stems
-stolons: above ground lateral stems |
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Term
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Definition
underground lateral stems
contain lateral buds that can produce a new plant |
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Term
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Definition
laterally-growing above ground stem
-contains lateral, axillary, terminal buds that can produce a new plant |
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Term
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Definition
| clonal offspring of a parent plant |
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Term
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Definition
| A collection of Ramets of a single parent |
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Term
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Definition
| (gymnosperms): Nutritive tissue in seeds made of maternal tissue (contains no genes from the pollen) |
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Term
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Definition
| portion of the embryo "beneath" the cotyledons, towards the roots |
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Term
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Definition
portion of the embryo "above" the cotyledons, towards the shoot apical meristems
-will develop into stem with primary meristem tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| nutrient-storing organs of embryo |
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Term
| Hemicellulose Polysaccharides |
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Definition
matrix polysaccharides in cell walls
weaker than cellulose |
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Term
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Definition
| having variable morphology, leaf arrangement |
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Term
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Definition
| being able to transform one body part to another |
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Term
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Definition
| seeds take up water before germination |
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Term
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Definition
| outer membrane of an ovule, later develops into seed coat |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| diploid megaspore mother cell undergoes meiosis to produce 4 haploid megaspores |
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Term
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Definition
| in embryo sac of ovule, megasporocyte undergoes meiosis to produce megaspores |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Undifferentiated tissue that gives rise to growth, organs, etc |
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Term
| Meristeme d'attente theory |
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Definition
| (patterns of development) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Actin filaments, in cytoskeleton of eukaryotic cells |
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Term
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Definition
| using micropipette to insert substances into a single living cell |
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Term
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Definition
| microspore mother cell, undergoes meiosis to form sperm |
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Term
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Definition
| creation of microspores from microsporocytes |
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Term
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Definition
| Pectin layer adjoining two cell walls |
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Term
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Definition
micro-RNA
short (~22bp) RNA sequences that act as post-transcriptional processors by preventing mRNA from being translated to protein, either by target for destruction or blockage |
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Term
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Definition
substance governing pattern of tissue development, signaling molecule that acts directly on cells to produce specific response based on morphogen gradient
produced locally, then diffuses to create gradient |
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Term
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Definition
| middle lamella, primary wall, secondary wall. Secondary wall controls direction of growth |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| invisible spiral line of phyllotaxy |
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Term
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Definition
| structural polysaccharide in primary cell walls |
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Term
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Definition
parallel to nearest surface; leads to growth increases diameter, width
plane of division |
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Term
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Definition
cylinder of parenchyma cells just inside endodermis, outermost part of stele
meristematic? |
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Term
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Definition
living tissue that carries nutrients
sieve tubes and companion cells |
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Term
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Definition
| photoreceptor proteins, allow plant to respond to light environment |
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Term
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Definition
| complex of microfilaments and microtubules that align perpendicular to plane of future cell plate |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| channels that transverse cell walls |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| develops into vascular tissue |
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Term
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Definition
in etioplasts (Chl unexposed to light)
membrane aggregations of tubules that contain chlorophyll precursor |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| enzyme that phosphorylates proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| cell with cell wall removed ? |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| modified leaves under petals |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| loose chlorenchyma cells under palisades |
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Term
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Definition
| central part of root or stem containing vascular tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| receptive tip of a carpel |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Surface adhesion molecules |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| connect endosperm to embryo |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| nutritive tissue in sporangium, |
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Term
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Definition
| body of undifferentiated tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| genetic material transferred from one organism to another |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Triple response to ethylene |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| producing seed that germinates before detaching from parent plant |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| zone of polarizing activity |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| proteins in nuclei that package DNA into nucleosomes, major component of chromatin |
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Term
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Definition
production of fruit without fertilization of ovule
-stimulated by auxin |
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Term
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Definition
| ability of a single cell to divide to produce all other cells |
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