Term
| the Nature Of Urban design |
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Definition
| There is no hard rules, it focus on street building, space, and scale. |
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Definition
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Term
| Well design urban development environment consist of: |
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Definition
| 1. Walking Comfortably 2. Observe and participate in what is happening around them 3. experience the details of the urban environment close up 4. fine needed services easily 5. feel safe from traffic and personal risk |
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Term
| 8 key concepts of Urban design |
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Definition
1. Physical Comfort- Services, safety, basic needs. 2. Circulation and Accessibility- transportation coexistence between pedestrians and automobiles. 3. Transitions and Boundaries, building shapes, paving materials, landscaping,signage. 4. scale
5. Reason to be there, have a reason why things should be there 6. Connection between Street and Building - large display windows. 7. detail, Variety, and Complexity- adds atmosphere and variety. 8. Cohesiveness- Pertains to a building or commercial area's unity and structure . |
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Term
| (8) Define Comprehensive plan |
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Definition
| The Comprehensive plan is a tangible representation of what a community wants to be in future. |
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Term
| Difference between comprehensive, general, and master plans. |
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Definition
| Comprehensive and general plans refer to plans covering the entire community. While, mater plan for large scale residential developments. |
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Term
| Three factors make a plan comprehensive plan- |
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Definition
| 1. geographical Coverage- land area jurisdiction. 2. Subject matter- all subject to physical development, and social aspects. 3. Time HORIZON- planning for the future. |
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Term
| Standard City Planning Enabling Act, passed in 1928 |
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Definition
| Purpose- to help provide guidance in harmonious development, to best promote health, safety, morals, order, convenience, To promote efficiency and economy in the process of development |
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Term
| Goals of comprehensive Planning |
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Definition
| 1. Health 2. Public Safety 3. Circulation 4. Provision of Services and facilities 5. fiscal Health location of land uses for the local gov. 6. Economical Goals 7. Environmental Protection 8. Re distributive Goals the best interest for the community. |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to a part plan that deals with a particular subject. |
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Term
| What does Arizona state law say regarding the preparation of general plan? |
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Definition
| Section 9: Contents of the law come from the passage in the later 1990s. It makes all plans in Land use and a circulation element. |
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Term
| Who prepares general Plans? |
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Definition
| 1. Planning Commission, 2. Citizens 3. Planning department Staff 4. Private Consultants |
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Term
| general Steps of Comprehensive Planning |
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Definition
| 1. Research Phase 2. Clarification of Community Goals and Objectives 3. Plan Formulation 4. Plan Implementation 5. Revise and Revision |
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Term
| Louis Mumford says about cities: |
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Definition
| Space no less than time, is artfully organized in cities, the city records the attitude of a culture, not merely of different physical accommodations, but different conceptions of mans destiny |
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Term
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Definition
| growth that happens in an unplanned fashion - doesn't mean that it is without purpose, but it is not directed by any regulations |
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Term
| urban designer are employed |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 1. Analysis - gathering of basic information, visual survey, identification of hard and soft areas. 2. Synthesis- brings together all the information gathered to produce a concept. 3. Evaluation- Occurs at many levels but involves the answering of two basic question solutions fit the problems? proposals be implemented? 4. implementation- getting resources |
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Term
| Effectiveness of urban design by Levi |
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Definition
| Unity and Coherence, Minimum conflict between pedestrians and vehicles, protection from the elements and other aspects of physical comfort, easy orientation for users, compatibility of land uses, Availability of places to rest, observe, meet, creation of a sense of security and pleasantness, |
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Term
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Definition
| support of exercising the police power in the name of aesthetics. |
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Term
| (neighbor Concept) Traditional Neighborhood |
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Definition
| envisioned by Clarence Parry containing a population sufficient to supply pupils for one elementary schools of 1000 to 2000 people. |
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Term
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Definition
| contains many of these same principles looks at functionality |
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Term
| Neo-traditionalist neighborhood |
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Definition
| a return to the traditional concept of neighborhood, houses on small lots |
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Term
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Definition
| a term coined by journalist Joel Garreau |
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Term
| Vision of the City of the Future |
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Definition
| Frank loyd wright- a conceptual plan that had population spread out over the landscape, Le Corbusier- residential buildings as machines, Fuller- Unique urban forms, soleri- can see his concepts at Cordes Junction |
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Term
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Definition
| helping promote a com. economical growth, helping to increase the quality and quantity of housing types, Promoting the commercial activities in the community, furthering urban design goals, providing a variety of services for special populations |
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Term
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Definition
| centered on revitalizing their commercial and residential areas. To address these problems, communities were assisted by a famous federal program. |
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Term
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Definition
| Eliminating substandard housing, revitalizing city economies, constructing good housing, reducing de facto segregation |
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Term
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Definition
| Goals were overseen by local agencies, the process involved clearance of old building and the construction of new structures. The funds for this process came from the federal government and disbursed by local agencies. |
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Term
| Urban Renewal stands as the largest Federal Urban program in U.S. History. |
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Definition
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Term
| Local Public Agencies (LPAs) |
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Definition
| acquire land through eminent domain, clear and otherwise prepare sites to be build on , sell or lease these sites to private developers at rates substantially below the market rate. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| negates private party to private party transfers for economical development |
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Term
| Urban Renewal Positives and Negatives |
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Definition
| Gains it enable cities many inner cities to compete with surburban areas, cause for redevelopment and revitalization in culture and historical resources, gentrification instead of destruction. the negatives were poor people housing, federal vs local, it effected the economical structure |
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Term
| Community development Block grants |
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Definition
| entitlement program that gave all com. an opportunity to receive federal money, promote home ownership. the money is used for public facilities, and the community applies for the grant. |
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Term
| Why is housing so important? |
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Definition
| Housing occupies more land in a com. than any other land use, housing means neighborhoods, in most cases and this is a unit near and dear to people's heart, The provision of housing is usually the largest item in a family's budget, a house is usually the most expensive/ valuable possession a person acquires in their time, the major item in a person's estate when she dies in a house. |
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Term
| What role does community play in the provision of housing, which as private market decision and activity? |
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Definition
| 1. to provide the physical infrastructure needed such as streets 2. to designate areas suitable for housing and provide amenities, parks and schools, |
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Term
| What can a community do to provide low to moderate income housing? |
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Definition
| Provide the infrastructure, apply land use controls to encourage the building of low to moderate income housing, seek out state and federal subsidies for such housing, Not to enact laws that obstruct the building, take pro-active approach in providing group homes, rental controls. |
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Term
| Trends in Urban Transportation |
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Definition
| growth in individual Vehicle Ownership, Difficult to separate out the forces of auto ownership and suburbanization, decrease in public transportation due to suburbanization, |
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Term
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Definition
| the dispersed pattern of housing development made the use of individual autos preferable. |
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Term
| Pre planning steps for transportation |
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Definition
| planning area is mapped and defined, grid is placed over the planning area to create cell for which population and economic data are gathered. data for each Traffic Analysis Zones TAZ's is collected, purpose to provide information from which a model of travel behavior can be created. |
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Term
| Alternative in the 4 step process |
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Definition
| Estimating trip generation, estimating trip distribution, estimating the modal split, involves dividing the number of trips between various types of transportation, trip assignment deciding on which routes are taken based on volume of traffic |
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Term
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Definition
| compares the benefits of a new transportation system |
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Term
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Definition
| often lots of protest when a new or expanded transportation system |
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Term
| Intermodal surface transportation Efficiency Act |
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Definition
| act continued to provide money to state and local gov. to build maintain road but it also contained some new, 24 billion be spent on flexible com. support, some on safety, and on construction projects |
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Term
| What is economic development? |
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Definition
| Those activities preformed by the department in the public and private sectors aim to attract business and industries. |
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Term
| Why should the state and local government should care about the promotion for economical development? |
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Definition
| It tightens up the job market which increases salaries, broader tax base, and alternative ways to generate revenues |
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Term
| The two important transportation areas |
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Definition
The Canal Era- linkage of New York City and towns in the midwest bettering their merchants position for getting raw materials and selling finished products.
Railroad era- put an end to water based transportation advantage, many of the early railroads were built with municipally raised and among the competition among cities. |
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Term
| What are the four ways of economic growth? |
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Definition
| 1. Sales and Promotion,can enact in Public Relations, advertising, selling, and marketing efforts. 2. subsidization- the community can pay a portion of the costs of development in a variety of ways, tax abatement, Revolving loan funds. 3. Making sites and buildings available- having sites building where business can locate into is a key to attracting commercial activity. 4. use of land use controls and provision of infrastructure land is zoned for commercial business. |
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Term
| what are the three factors that are most influential when a business are a locational decision? |
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Definition
| Market access- geographical location, Local Labor Market- mixed size of labor involving size, 3. quality of life- s subjective determination can include such things as access to cultural, nature, and recreational resources and education. |
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Term
| what are the steps for economical development planning process |
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Definition
| 1. needs assessment- com. decides the purpose of eco. development plan. 2. Market Evaluation- assessing the com. strengths and weakness. 3. Assessment of the Consequences of an eco. development program. 4. Plan Formulation- includes advertisement, subsidies as incentives, capital investment, evaluation of land use controls |
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Term
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Definition
| when used to direct the philosophy of a community toward land development amount timing location character, Goals of growth management, preserve the environment,desirable patterns, existing life style |
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Term
| What are the three general characteristics of growth management? |
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Definition
| Long term of coordination between land use controls, more modern approach towards land use, sensitvity towards environmental issues. |
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Term
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Definition
| Management without any intentions of limiting growth or community population size |
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Term
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Definition
| implied growth would not only be managed but limited in some way POP. cap |
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Term
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Definition
| intent was to stop growth entirely |
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Term
| What role did these Historic forces play in the growth management concept. |
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Definition
| post WW2 the 1960 Environmental movement |
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Term
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Definition
| each development proposal amasses point based upon its proximity to existing services or the ability to provide them. |
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Term
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Definition
| Focuses on residential development and limits building permits |
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Term
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Definition
| County has no direct control over local land use so development districts are identified wherein population growth i likely to happened |
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Term
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Definition
| has extreme development pressures. they have exactions that requires developers to pay for all infrastructure costs. |
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Term
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Definition
| this community has adopted a technique to direct growth into specified areas and to require development to pay its own way. |
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Term
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Definition
| Paris Glendenning first used this concept in the state plan to manage growth |
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Term
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Definition
| exhibits a pattern of leapfrog, strip commercial development characterizes business location along major roads large expanses. |
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Term
| What are the tools of smart growth |
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Definition
| 1. standards tools like land use. 2. promotion of infill development and adaptive reuse. 3. Acquisition of development rights. 4. Establishment of urban Growth Boundaries to direct where development is or not appropriate. 5. New urbanism design principle that promote development on small lots and mixed uses. |
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Term
| Goals of Sustainable development |
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Definition
| 1. environmental quality many reasons for viewing this as important. 2. socail equity often taken to mean greater equality of wealth. 3. Economic development- to achieve goal 2 some means of access to the economic system must exist. |
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