Term
| which plasmodium species have enlarged cells[image] |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| p falciparum thin blood smear trophozites |
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Definition
| p falciparum maurers clefts trophozoites |
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Definition
| p falciparum schizont thin |
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| P vivax trophozoites can take which shape?[image] |
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Definition
amoeboid shape
ring forms and trophozoites appear to have a halo - this is schuffners dot |
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Definition
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Definition
P vivax schizonts
inside each merozoite a dot of chromatin can be seen |
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Definition
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p ovale trophozoites are more compacted then p vivax trophozoites
they can also be fimbriated |
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Definition
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Definition
| p ovale thick smear ring form |
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Definition
| developing P oval trophozoite thick smear |
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Definition
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Definition
| P malarie band trophozoite |
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Definition
| p malarie rosette schizont |
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Term
early ring form similar to p falciparum
later trophozoites similar to p malarie |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| female anopheles mosquitoe |
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Definition
aedes aegyti mosquito
lyre marking |
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Definition
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Definition
aedes albopictus
degue chikungunya |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| cryptosporidium showing ghost cells |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| entamoeba histolytica/dispar |
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Definition
| entamoeba histolytica/dispar |
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Definition
| entamoeba histolytic trophozoite |
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Definition
| e histolytica eith ingested RBC |
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Definition
| sandfly phlebotomus papatasi |
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Definition
| macrophage containing leishmania amastigote. see the nucleus and kinetoplast |
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Definition
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Definition
paragonimus egss
yellow brown
opposite end is thickened |
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Definition
| paragonimus egg lung tissue |
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Definition
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Definition
| oral sucker disc of paragonimus in lung biopsy |
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Definition
fasciolopsis buski egg
can be found in faces or vomit |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
clonorchis sinensis egg
small in size 35um by 20um
Opisthorcis eggs are similar, a tiny bit smaller.
Both have a hook like protrusion at opposite end of egg |
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Term
| although the eggs of clonorchis and opisthorchis are similar you can differentiate between the adults. how can we do this? |
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Definition
Using the testes.
the testes are rounded in opisthorchis
whilst the testes are branched in clonorchis |
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Definition
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Definition
fertilised ascaris egg
contains outer mammilated layer
unfertlised ascaris eggs are larger |
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Definition
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Definition
| fertilised and unfertilised ascaris eggs |
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Term
ascaris adult females have a straight tale
males have a curvy tale |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| ascaris larvae in lung tissue |
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Definition
| ascaris eggs in lung tissue |
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Definition
trichura egg is bigger
the other is peanut shaped |
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Definition
enterobius vermicularis eggs
aka pin worm |
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Definition
| enterobius vermicularis eggs |
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Term
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Definition
hookworm egg
can be ancylostoma or necator
note: no shell |
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Term
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Definition
acylostoma - sharp teeth
necator cutting plate |
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Term
| note hookwork are not usually found in poo |
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Definition
| if it is a poop sample usualy strongyloide stercoralis |
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Term
| how to dififerentiate between strongyloide adult and hookworm adult? |
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Definition
Strongyloide adult has a notched tail
hookworm adult tail tapers to a point |
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Term
which cuntrie sis S mekongi found in?
s intercalatum? |
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Definition
Cambodia and Laos s mekongi
s intercalatum: DRC |
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Definition
| different types of eggs to learn |
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Definition
s manosoni egg
snail intermediate: biomphalaria spp |
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Definition
biamphalaria spp
intermediate host for S mansoni |
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Definition
S japonicum
Onchomelania spp |
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Definition
S japonicum
onchomelania snail intermediate |
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Definition
| onchomelania spp intermediate host for S japonicum |
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Definition
S intercalatum
Limited to DRC
closely related to s haematobium
bulinus spp is the intermediate host |
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Term
s haematobium egg
which snail intermediate? |
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Definition
| Bulinus spp snail host[image] |
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Term
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Definition
W bancrofti
Sheathed
Curved body
Tail tapers to a point
cells of body loosely packed
Cells do not extent to tip |
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Term
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Definition
B malayi
sheathed
tail tapered
sheath stains with giemsa
gap between terminal and subterminal nuceli |
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Term
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Definition
B timori
sheathed - but this doesnt stain with giemsa and may appear as a halo
has a larger number of single file nuclei towards tail
longer cepahlic headspace |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| vectors transmitting b malayi and b timor? |
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Definition
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Definition
Loa loa
sheathed
short head space
tapered tail with nuclei extending to tip |
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Definition
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Definition
| chrysops deerfly transmits loa loa |
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Term
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Definition
mansonella ozzardi - s/c tissue
spread by biting midges and black fly
unsheathed
tail tapers to point, often hook shaped
nuclei end before tail |
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Term
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Definition
mansonella perstans - perineal cavity, pleural cavity, pericardium
spread by midge bites
unsheathed
blunt tail
nuclei go to end |
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Term
Spread by biting midges
causes mansenolliasis
found in dermis
Cullicoides is a vector |
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Definition
mansonella stretocerca - dermis
spread by biting midges
unsheathed
tail often hooked shaped
nuclei extend to tip
M ozzardi (also hook but nuclei end before tail) |
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Definition
Cullicoides (biting midge)
Spreader of mansenolliais |
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Definition
Simulian sp (black fly)
Transmitter of onchocerciasis |
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Term
onchocerca is dx how?
Note: not blood film |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
onchocerca mF
No sheath
found in skin
tail tapers to point often sharply bent
nuclei do not extend to end |
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Definition
| onchocerca from tissue nodule |
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Definition
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Definition
Taenia eggs
Round 30-35um diameter
radially striated
inside there is oncosphere with refractile hooks
Taenia eggs are indistuingasble from each other |
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Term
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Definition
T solium scolex
4 large suckers
Rostellum containing 2 rows of hooks |
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Term
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Definition
T saginata scolex
4 large suckers
no ROSTELLUM and no hooks |
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Term
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Definition
Diphyllobothrium scolex
Eggs are operculated measuring 55 by 50um
Small knob at opposite end
Proglottid is wider than it is long. |
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Term
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Definition
hymenolepsis nana egg
size range 30-50um
striated outer membrane
thin inner membrane
6 hooks in oncosphere
on the inner membrane there are two poles from which 4-8 filaments spread out. |
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Definition
hymenolepsis egg
striated outer membrane
thin inner membrane |
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Term
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Definition
Hymenolepsis dimunuta egg
striated outer membrane
thin inner membrane
oncosphrere with 6 hooks but no polar filaments |
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Term
| difference between hymenolepsis nana and hymenolepsis dimunuta egg? |
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Definition
no polar filaments in hymenolepsis dimunuta egg
both have striated outer membrane, thin inner membrane and oncosphere with refractile hooks |
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Term
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Definition
Hymenolepsis dimunuta egg
No polar filaments which hymenolepsis nana egg has |
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Term
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Definition
| Cysticercosis under light microscopy |
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Term
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Definition
| cysticercosis in brain tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| Echinoccocus granulosus cysts in tissue section |
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Term
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Definition
| Echinococcus granulosus cysts in tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| echinoccocus granulosus cysts |
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Term
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Definition
| echinoccocus multilocularis cysts |
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Term
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Definition
| echinoccocus granulosus protoscoleces |
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Term
| what is hydatid sand?[image] |
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Definition
| hooklets of echinococcus granulosus |
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Definition
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Definition
| Indistinguishable from taenia eggs |
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Definition
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Definition
isospora belli
causes cystoisosporiasis |
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Term
paucibacillary leprosy?
multibacilliary Leprosy? |
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Definition
Dapsone and Rifampicin 6m for pauci
Multi: dapsone rifampcin and clofazimine |
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Term
| what stain outlines anthrax capsule? |
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Definition
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Term
| japanese spotted fever is caused by which rickettsia? (transmitted by ticks) |
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Definition
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Term
| criteria for severe dengue |
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Definition
plasma leakage
severe haemorrhage
severe organ impairment |
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Term
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Definition
streptomycin
gentamicin
chloramphenicol
tetracyclines |
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Term
| Non healing ulcer in AIDs pt[image] |
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Definition
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Term
| Treatment for chancroid by h ducrei |
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Definition
Azithromycin
Ceftriaxone
Ciprofloaxacin
Erythromycin |
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Term
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Definition
IM ceftriaxone and
single dose of azithromycin |
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Term
| muscle pain in a person who eats undercooked meat? |
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Definition
Trichinosis
Trichinosis is mainly caused by eating undercooked meat containing encysted larval Trichinella. In the stomach the larvae are exposed to gastric acid and pepsin which releases them from their cysts. The larvae invade the small bowel mucosa where they develop into adult worms. Their life span in the small bowel is approximately 4 weeks. After one week, the females release larvae that migrate to striated muscles, where they encyst. Encysted larvae may remain viable for several years. |
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Term
[image]
ID genus
life cycle stage
How do people become infected? |
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Definition
Entamoeba
trophozoite
Ingestion of mature cysts from faecally contaminated food/water or hands |
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Term
[image]
ID species and life cycle stage
what special consideration is needed for treatment? |
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Definition
P ovale
trophozoite
primaquine for liver hypnozoite stage |
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Term
ID species name and what this is
definitive host?[image] |
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Definition
Echinoccocus granulosus
protoscleces
Definitive host is dog |
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Term
| Which countries is S japonicum found in? |
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Definition
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Term
[image]
middle skin snip taken from patient in gabon
ID it
rx options |
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Definition
microfilariae of onchocerca volvulus in tissue
rx ivermectin |
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Term
| where do adult forms of schistosomiasis live? |
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Definition
they live as pairs within capillary blood vessels
S haematobium in vesical plexus
others in mesenteric veins |
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Term
| describe giardia duodenalis pathogenesis |
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Definition
| Major contributors to pathogenesis include epithelial remodelling (increased turnover, increased apoptosis), reduced barrier function, brush border (microvillous) effacement, increased transit, bile salt metabolism, and inhibition of pancreatic enzymes |
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