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Physiology Ch 74
Introduction to Endocrinology - Endocrine Glands, Hormones, and Their Functions and Structures
22
Physiology
Professional
05/15/2012

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Cards

Term
Hormones of the Hypothalamus
Definition

TRH, CRH, GHRH, GHIH (somatostatin), GnRH, PIF (dopamine)

("Goog Guy Greg Does Courteous Things")

Term
TRH - function and structure
Definition
stimulates secretion of TSH and prolactin; peptide
Term
CRH - function and structure
Definition
Causes release of ACTH; peptide
Term
GHRH - structure and function
Definition
causes release of GH; peptide
Term
GHIH/somatostatin - structure and function
Definition
inhibith GH release; peptide
Term
GnRH - structure and function
Definition
Causes release of LH and FSH; peptide (?)
Term
Dopamine/PIF (prolactin-inhibiting factor) - structure and function
Definition
inhibits release of prolactin; amine
Term
Hormones of the Anterior Pituitary
Definition

GH, TSH, ACTH, Prolactin, FSH, LH

("FLAG TP")

Term
GH - function and structure
Definition
stimulates protein synthesis and overall growth of most cells and tissues; peptide
Term
TSH - function and structure
Definition
stimulates synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones; peptide
Term
Prolactin - function and structure
Definition
promotes development of the female breasts and secretion of milk; peptide
Term
FSH - function and structure
Definition
causes growth of follicles in the ovaries and sperm maturation in Sertoli cells of testes; peptide
Term
LH - function and structure
Definition
stimulates testosterone synthesis in Leydig cells of testes; stimulates ovulation, formation of corpus luteum, and estrogen and progesterone synthesis in ovaries; peptide
Term
Hormones of the Posterior Pituitary
Definition
Oxytocin and ADH/vasopressin
Term
Oxytocin - function and structure
Definition
stimulates milk ejection from the breasts and uterine contractions; peptide
Term
ADH/vasopressin - function and structure
Definition
increases water reabsorption by the kidneys and causes vasoconstriction and increased blood pressure; peptide
Term
Hormones of the Thyroid
Definition
Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3), Calcitonin
Term
T3 and T4 - function and structure
Definition
increases the rates of chemical reaction in most cells, thus increasing body metabolic rate; amine (derived from tyrosine)
Term
Calcitonin - function and structure
Definition
promotes deposition of calcium in the bones and decreases extracellular fluid calcium ion concentration; peptide
Term
Hormones of the Adrenal Cortex
Definition
cortisol (zona fasciculata), aldosterone (zona glomerulosa)
Term
Hormones that work via adenylyl cyclase-cAMP second messenger system
Definition

ACTH

AT II (epithelial cells)

Calcitonin

Catecholamines (beta receptors)

CRH

FSH

Glucagon

HCG

LH

PTH

Secretin

GHIH/Somatostatin

TSH

ADH/vasopressin (V2 receptors, epithelial cells)

Term
Hormones that use phospholipase C second messenger system
Definition

ATII (vasc. smooth muscle)

Catecholamines (alpha receptors)

GnRH

GHRH

Oxytocin

TRH

Vasopressin (V1 receptor, vasc. smooth muscle)

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