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Physiological Psych
Chapter 4 - KU - Heinly TH 9:30 AM
30
Psychology
Undergraduate 4
10/17/2009

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Term
Node of RanvierGaps in the myelin on an axon that are rich in voltage gated and channels are called?
Definition
Node of Ranvier
Term
When EPSP are produced on a cell body what happens?
Definition
Nothing. Cell body memebranes do not contain voltage sensitive channels. It must reach the axon hillock where it is rich in voltage sensitive channels.
Term
What is the saltitory conduction?
Definition
The transfer of impulse along the notes of Ranvier.
Term
Where does post synaptic happen?
Definition
In the dendrite spines.
Term
What are the 2 graded potentials and what does it mean?
Definition
hyperpolarization and depolarization, it means movement of ions
Term
Name 2 ways a cell can hyperpolarize
Definition
Add negative (chloride) influx
Reduce positive (potassium)efflux
Term
Name the only way that a cell can depolarize.
Definition
Add sodium.
Term
What happens during threshold potential?
Definition
Sodium and Potassium voltage sensitive channels open, voltage goes to -50mV, starts at the axon hillock, starts action potential.
Term
The difference in the positive and negative poles is equal to? (what is it called)
Definition
electric potential (volts)
Term
Who found that the nervous system is too slow to be electricity
Definition
Von Helm holtz
Term
What sea animal was studied and why?
Definition
A squid, because they have large axons that could be easily observed by the naked eye. Hoxigon and Hugsley
Term
Who studied brain stimulation on dogs in their bedroom?
Definition
Fritz & Hilzig
Term
Who studied brains in the 50's with a local antheistic? Mapped brain functions.
Definition
Penfield
Term
Who studied Frog legs and electrial current
Definition
Galvani
Term
What are cations and names?
Definition
Positive charged ions, Potassium and Sodium
Term
What are anions and names?
Definition
Negatively charged ions, Chloride and Anion (proteins)
Term
What are the two forces that cause a change?
Definition
diffusion force and electrostatic force
Term
What 2 states contribute to these forces?
Definition
Concentration gradient and voltage gradient
Term
What instrument measures voltage?
Definition
ocilloscope
Term
What does electrostatic forces cause?
Definition
Causes ions to attract to opposite charge and spread out in a uniform fashion.
Term
What maintains the distribution of ions inside and outside the cell?
Definition
Channels and Pumps
Term
During threshold potential what opens the sodium channels?
Definition
voltage
Term
What defines absolute and relative refractory periods
Definition
voltage difference
Term
The relation of two ESPS's happening close in time are called (evaluated - summed)
Definition
temporal summation
Term
The relation of two ISPS's happening close on the membrane together....
Definition
spatial summation
Term
Stimulation at synapses produces....
Definition
graded potentials
Term
Potentials that decrease the charge on a cell membrane and move it toward threshold are called
Definition
ESPS
Term
When a hair is moved on your arm dendrites encircling it are stretched and open a series of...
Definition
stretch sensitive channels. These in turn open channels that allow sodium in and depolarize. At threshold the voltage sensitive sodium and potassium open and initiate the nerve impulse.
Term
The first neurotransmitter discovered in the pns and cns and activates skeletal muscles
Definition
acetylcholine (ACh)
Term
A channel that has a binder site for a neurotransmitter
Definition
ligand gated channel
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