Term
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Definition
| Receive in put from rods & cones. |
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Term
| 3 main types of bipolar cells: |
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Definition
| Red/Green, Blue/Yellow, & Black/White |
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Term
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Definition
| Interconnect your bipolar cells. Not connected to rods & cones. 1 bipolar cell becomes activated from rods & cones, which activates horizontal cells, which inhibits the neighboring bipolar cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| Receive the output from bipolar cells. Have interesting design. Center input activates it. Surround input suppresses it. |
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Term
| 3 types of ganglion cells: |
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Definition
| Parvo (foveal, detail, color), Magno cellular (scattered. Located throughout retina. Nothing to do w/ color. Detect movement & broad patterns), & Koniocellular (In between parvo & magno. Scattered throughout retina. Some color. Specialized for specific features of environment). |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Located throughout retina. Scattered. Nothing to do w/ color. Detect movement & broad patterns. |
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Term
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Definition
| In-between the Parvo & Magno. Scattered throughout the retina. Some color. Specialized for specific features in the environment. |
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Term
| Axons & Ganglion cells form your ___ ___. |
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Definition
| Optic Nerve (1 million axons) |
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Term
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Definition
| Optic nerve comes to a fork in the road before going to the brain. This is called the optic chiasm. Output from each eye comes together. |
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Term
| For each eye, the outer part of the visual sphere goes to the ___ (same/opposite) hemisphere. The inner part of the visual field goes to the ___ (same/opposite) hemisphere. |
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Definition
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Term
| Output from the Optic Chiasm goes to the ____, which has a number of specialized areas. |
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Definition
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Term
| The __ __ __ of the thalamus is specialized for vision. |
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Definition
| LGN (lateral Geniculate Nucleus) |
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Term
| For your brain to perceive visually, you need the ___ & ____ lobes. |
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Definition
| Temporal. Parietal. VI outputs to V2 which analyzes features of your environment. |
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Term
| V1 & V2 go to the ____ lobe. |
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Definition
| Parietal. The "where" pathway. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| _ _ area deals w/ motion. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Posterior Interior Temporal Lobe (PIT). Understand whether or not something is bright. |
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Term
| Where you can determine what "it" is. |
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Definition
| Inferior Temporal (IT). If blinded as an adult, temporal lobe expands & more area is devoted to sound. Parietal lobe expands w/ more area devoted to touch. |
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Term
| 3 basic types of somatosensory distinction |
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Definition
| Nocioception, Haptics, & Proprioception. |
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Term
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Definition
| Come into your spinal cord, travel up pathway primarily larger diameter axons that are primarily heavily myelinated. |
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Term
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Definition
| The pain info from the right side of body connects on the left side of the spinal cord (contralateral). Smaller diameter & less myelination. Internal organs send output to your spinal cord & the synapses are primarily in the nocioception track. |
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Term
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Definition
| Your brain has difficulty localizing the pain. Hurt in one area, feeling pain in another. |
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Term
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Definition
| Extremes of temp. can cause pain. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ripping, tearing, twisting. (CSI type) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Sharp & acute. Eventually goes away. Best to get something for the pain ASAP & take care of it immediately. Hit it hard & fast. If it is treated minimally, could turn into chronic pain. |
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Term
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Definition
| Enduring, long lasting, chronic, dull. Leads to cytokines. Oversensitive nervous system. Associated w/ overactive glial cells & increased activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (depression). Fiber mialga= chronic pain disorder. |
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Term
| Glutamate carries _____ pain. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are released at the wound site? |
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Definition
| Serotonin, histamines, & prostraglandins. |
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