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Physics-Optics
Topics and Equations for MCAT
24
Physics
Post-Graduate
06/28/2020

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Cards

Term
Full EM Spectrum from High to Low Energy
Definition
Radio < Microwave < IR < Visible (Violet @ 400nm to Red @ 700nm) < UV < X-rays < Gamma Rays
Term
Law of Reflection Equation
Definition
θ12
Term
Focal Length of Spherical Mirrors
Definition

f=r/2 :where r is the radius of curvature

f=io/i+o or 1/f=1/o + 1/i:where i is the image distance and o is the object distance

 

Term
Image Distance of Spherical Mirrors
Definition
i=fo/o-f :where f is the focal length and o is the object distance
Term
Magnification of Spherical Mirrors
Definition
m=-i/o :where i is the image distance and o is the object distance
Term
Sign Convention for Spherical Mirror Equations
Definition

+r: Concave/Converging mirror

-r:Convex/Diverging mirror

+i: Real image

-i: Virtual image

+m: Upright image

-m: Inverted image

|m|<1: Image is smaller than object

|m|>1: Image is larger than object

|m|=1: Image is the same size as object

 

Term
Snell's Law Equation
Definition
n1sin(θ1) = n2sin(θ2) :where n is the index of refraction
Term
Index of Refraction
Definition
n=c/v
Term
How does light refract as it goes through different mediums?
Definition

n2>n121): Light will bend towards the normal 

n2<n1 (θ21): Light will bend away from the normal

Term
How does light travel as it goes through different medium?
Definition
Light slows down as it goes from air to liquid to gas
Term
Type of Image if Object is Behind Center of Curvature
Definition
Real, inverted, smaller image
Term
Type of Image if Object is at Center of Curvature
Definition
Real, inverted image that is the same size as the object
Term
Type of Image if Object is Place Anywhere between the Center of Curvature and Focal Point
Definition
Real, inverted image that is larger than the object
Term
Type of Image if Object is in front of Focal Point
Definition
Virtual, upright image that is larger than the object
Term
Type of Image in a Convex Mirror
Definition
Virtual, upright smaller image
Term
Power of Lenses Equation
Definition
P=1/f
Term
Sign convention for Lenes (w/o Power)
Definition

+r: Lens has 2 convex surfaces (Converging Lens)

-r: Lens has 2 concave surfaces (Diverging Lens)

+o: Object is on the same side as light source

-o: Object is on the opposite side of light source

+i: Image is on the same side as light source

-i: Image is on the opposite side of light source

+m: Image is upright

-m: Image is inverted

Term
Sign convention for Lenes (w/o Power)
Definition

+r: Lens has 2 convex surfaces (Converging Lens)

-r: Lens has 2 concave surfaces (Diverging Lens)

+o: Object is on the same side as light source

-o: Object is on the opposite side of light source

+i: Image is on the same side as light source

-i: Image is on the opposite side of light source

+m: Image is upright

-m: Image is inverted

Term
Sign convention for Lenses (w/o Power)
Definition

+r: Lens has 2 convex surfaces (Converging Lens)

-r: Lens has 2 concave surfaces (Diverging Lens)

+o: Object is on the same side as light source

-o: Object is on the opposite side of light source

+i: Image is on the same side as light source

-i: Image is on the opposite side of light source

+m: Image is upright

-m: Image is inverted

Term
Power of Lenses Equation
Definition
P=1/f
Term
Sign Convention for Power of Lenses
Definition

+P: Converging lens

-P: Diverging lens

Term
Converging Lens vs Diverging Lens
Definition

Converging Lens: Composed of 2 convex lens and causes light to converge on to the focal point

Diverging Lens: Composed of 2 concave lens and causes light to diverge away from focal point 

Term
Lens Required for Near/Farsightedness
Definition

Converging lens are required for farsightedness and w/o corrective lenses image of close object is projected behind retina

 

Diverging lens are required for nearsightedness and w/o corrective lenses image of far object is projected in front of retina

Term
Multiple Lens System Equations
Definition

1/f=1/f1+1/f2+...+1/fn

P=P1+P2+..+Pn

m=m1m2...mn

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