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Physics for Music
Exam 1
38
Physics
Undergraduate 2
09/25/2011

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Term
Acceleration
Definition
the rate of change of speed or velocity
Term
Coordinates
Definition
a set f numbers used to locate a point along a line or in a space
Term
Force
Definition
an influence that can deform an object or cause it to change its motion
Term
Gravity
Definition
the force exerted by the Earth on all objects on or near it
Term
joule
Definition
a unit of energy or work
Term
Mass
Definition
a measure of resistance to change in motion, equal to force divided by acceleration
Term
Power
Definition
the rate of doing work, equal to work or energy divided by time
Term
Work
Definition
the net force on an object times the distance through which the object moves
Term
Amplitude
Definition
maximum displacement from rest
Term
damping
Definition
loss of energy of a vibrator, usually through friction
Term
envelope
Definition
time variation of the amplitude of a vibration
Term
Frequency
Definition
the number of vibrations expressed in hertz
Term
fundamental
Definition
the lowest frequency
Term
harmonics
Definition
modes of vibration whose frequencies are whole-number multiplies of the frequency of the fundamental mode
Term
hemholtz resonator
Definition
a vibrator consisting of a volume of enclosed air with an open neck or port
Term
longitudinal vibration
Definition
vibration in which the principla motion is in the direction of the longest dimension
Term
node
Definition
a point or line where minimal motion takes place
Term
simple harmonic motion
Definition
smooth, regular vibrational motion at a single frequency such as that of a mass supported by a string
Term
spectrum
Definition
a recipe that gives the frequency and amplitude of each component of a complex sound
Term
spring constant
Definition
the strength of a spring restoring force divided by displacement (K)
Term
transverse vibration
Definition
vibration in which the principal motion is at right angles to the longest dimension
Term
Anechoic
Definition
echo free, an anechoic room is one whose walls ceiling and floor are covered with sound absorbing material usually in the shape of wedges
Term
diffraction
Definition
the spreading out of waves when they encounter a barrier or pass through a narrow opening
Term
Doppler effect
Definition
the shift in apparent frequency when the source or observer is in motion
Term
impulsive wave
Definition
a brief disturbance or pressure change that travels as a wave
Term
interference
Definition
the interaction of two or more identical waves which may support or cancel each other
Term
longitudinal wave
Definition
a wave in which the vibrations are in the direction of propagation of the wave
Term
reflection
Definition
an abrupt change in the direction of wave propagation at a change of medium
Term
refraction
Definition
a bending of waves when the speed of propagation changes either abruptly or gradually
Term
standing wave
Definition
a wavelike pattern that results from the interference of two or more waves and has regions of minimum and maximum amplitude called nodes and antinodes
Term
superposition
Definition
the motion at one point in a medium is the sum of the individual motions that would occur if each wave were present by itself without the others
Term
young modulus
Definition
an elastic modulus of a solid, the ration of force per unit area to the stretch it produces
Term
acoustic impedance
Definition
a measure of the difficulty of generating flow it is the ratio of the sound pressure to the volume velocity due to a sound wave
Term
electromagnetic force
Definition
the force that results from the interaction of an alternating electric current with a magnetic field
Term
linewidth
Definition
the width change of frequency of a resonance curve, usually measured at 71% the max height, a measure of the sharpness of a resonacne
Term
overtone
Definition
a component of a sound with a frequency greater than the fundamental frequency
Term
partial
Definition
a component of a sound, includes the fundamental plus the overtones
Term
sympathetic vibration
Definition
one vibrator causing another to vibrate at he same frequency
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