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Definition
| 1000 kg/m3 or 1 g/cm3 or 1 kg/L |
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Definition
sp. gr. = p/pH2o
specific grav = density of substance/density of water
pH20- 1 kg/L |
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| Force of grav on fluid eq. |
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Definition
Fgrav=mg=pVg
p-density
V-volume
g-grav |
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| Pressure eq. with regard to force and area |
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Definition
P = F / A
force (perpendicular)/area
P in (Pa) |
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| Hydrostatic Gauge Pressure eq. |
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Definition
Pgauge=PfluidDg
D-depth of object
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Eq. for Ptotal when atmospheric and hydrostatic pressure both applicable.
eq. when lid closed off from atmosphere, but layer of gas above surface of water. |
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Definition
both atmospheric and hydrostatic applicable:
Ptotal=Patm + Pgauge
lid closed but layer of gas:
Ptotal=Pat surface + Pgauge |
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| describe when/if hydrostatic gauge pressure and total pressure is proportional to depth and density of fluid. |
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Definition
hydrostatic gauge pressure is proportional to depth and desnity of fluid
Total pressure is not proportional to depth and desnity of fluid if Pat surface isn't zero. |
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| Archimedes' bouyancy principle and eq. |
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Definition
magnitude of buoyant force equal to weight of fluid displaced by object
Fbuoy= pfluidVsubg = wobject
Vsub-volume submerged
wobject- weight of object |
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| Floating objects in equilibrium on surface eq. |
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Definition
wobject = Fbuoy
Vsub/V = pobject/pfluid
pobject < pfluid : floats |
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| How force, area and distance relate in hydraulics |
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Definition
F1/A1=F2/A2
A1d1=A2d2
F2d2=F1d1
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Definition
Fsurfacetension=2γL
γ-coefficent of ST
L-legnth |
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Definition
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| How does flow rate in a pipe change when a fluid is incompressable? |
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Definition
| It doesn't. When fluid incrompressable, flow rate stays the same everywhere in pipe. |
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Definition
A1V1=A2V2
A-area=diameter2=∏r2 |
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| Bernoulli's law and eq. for ideal fluids. |
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Definition
-incompresable
-negligable viscosity
-steady flow rate
- laminar flow (stream lines don't cross, flows smoothly)
P1 + .5pv12 + pgy1 = P2 + .5pv22+pgy2
y-height |
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Definition
vefflux = √(2gD)
vefflux - water shooting out hole
D - distance from surface of liq to hole |
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| pressure in realation to flow speed |
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Definition
| pressure lower where flow speed greater |
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| equation for and explanation of young's modulus |
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Definition
E=(F/A)/(ΔL/L) = stress/strain
E - elastic modulus or young's modulus.
-a constant for a given material and a measure of its strength |
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| based on young's modulus, what would a graph of stress over strain look like? |
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Definition
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| What equation would you use to solve a question about the curshing mass needed to cause a % change in legth in a bone when the bones area is given? the compressive strength is also given. |
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Definition
you'd rearange young's modulus eq. so that:
F= (ΔL/L)AE=mg
and solve for m |
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| What unit is Young's modulus in? |
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| eq. for gravitational potential energy |
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Definition
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| If two objects are submerged in a fluid at the same depth, compared to the smaller object, will the larger one expereince larger or less fluid pressure? |
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Definition
Equal pressure. the pressure due to a fluid is independent of the size of the object.
Pfluid=ρgd
P- pressure
ρ-density of fluid
g- grav
d - depth of object |
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