Term
| Mass (and how it's measured) |
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Definition
| Anything that occupies space and has mass (measured in Kilograms) |
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Definition
| The force exerted on a body under the influence of gravity |
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Definition
| Smallest particle of an element that can't be divided or broken by chemical means |
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| Energy (and how it's measured) |
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Definition
| The ability to do work (measured in joules) |
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Definition
| Number of protons in the nucleus of an atom |
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Definition
| Equals number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus |
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Definition
| An atom that has gained or lost an electron, making the number of neutrons differ from the number of protons |
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Definition
| Atoms with 8 electrons in their outer shell are considered inert and chemically stable |
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Term
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Definition
| The strength of attachment of an electron to the nucleus is called _____________ |
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Definition
| Electrons in the outer-most shell that determine capability of combining with other atoms to form compounds. |
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Definition
| The ability to do work by virtue of position |
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Definition
| Type of energy in x-rays, radio waves, microwaves, and visible light. |
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Term
| Electromagnetic radiation |
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Definition
| Oscillating electric and magnetic fields that travel in a vacuum with the velocity of light. Includes x-rays, gamma rays, and some nonionizing radiation (such as ultraviolet, visible, infrared, and radio waves). |
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Definition
| Form of energy created by the activity of electrons and other subatomic particles in motion. |
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Definition
| Distance between similar points on a sine wave; the length of one cycle. |
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Definition
| Number of cycles or wavelengths of a simple harmonic motion per unit time. Expressed in Hertz (Hz) |
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Term
| Einstein's theory of relativity |
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Definition
| The strangest property associated with matter and energy is that they are interchangeable, a characteristic first described by Albert Einstein in his famous theory of relativity. This mass-energy equivalence serves as the basis for the atomic bomb, nuclear power plants, and certain nuclear medicine imaging modalities. |
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Definition
| Made up of protons and neutrons, together form nucleons. Electrons orbit the nucleus |
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Definition
| Atoms combine with each other to form compounds |
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Term
| Two major branches of natural science |
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Definition
Physical science - non-living matter
Biological science - living matter |
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Term
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Definition
| Two or more atoms combined chemically |
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Term
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Definition
| Removal of an orbital electron from an atom. |
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Term
| 3 basic subatomic particles |
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Definition
| Protons, neutrons and electrons |
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Term
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Definition
| Amount of electrons that can potentially be in a shell |
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Term
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Definition
| Horizontal rows list # of valence electrons for the element |
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Term
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Definition
| Chemical energy, heat, electrical energy, nuclear energy and electromagnetic energy |
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Term
| Standard units of measurements have been devised by scientists to describe quantities of _____________ |
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Definition
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Definition
Material that has definite and constant composition:
Simple (elements)- Cannot be broken down into simpler substances by normal means
Complex (compound) - can be broken down by water or air |
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Definition
| Combination of two or more substances. Ex. air=oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen |
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Definition
| Shell (energy level) - determined by electrons distance from the nucleus - K,L,M,N,O,P and Q |
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Term
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Definition
| Amount of energy needed to remove the electron from the shells. |
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Definition
| Intensity of the wave as defined by its maximum height |
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Term
| Frequency and wavelength are _________ proportional |
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Definition
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Term
| Photon energy and frequency are ________ proportional |
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Definition
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